Phân tích các đa thức sau thành nhân tử:
a) 8 x 3 - 2x; b) 5x - 25 x 2 + 10 x 3 9 ;
c) -5 x 3 (x + 1) + x + 1; d) x 3 27 + x 6 729 − x 9 ;
e) x ( y - x ) 2 - x 2 + 2xy - y 2 ; g) x ( x – y ) 2 - y ( x – y ) 2 + x y 2 - x 2 y.
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1A:
a: \(x^3+2x=x\left(x^2+2\right)\)
b: \(3x-6y=3\left(x-2y\right)\)
c: \(5\left(x+3y\right)-15x\left(x+3y\right)\)
\(=5\left(x+3y\right)\left(1-3x\right)\)
d: \(3\left(x-y\right)-5x\left(y-x\right)\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)+5x\left(x-y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(5x+3\right)\)
1A. a. x(x2+2)
b. 3(x-2y)
c. 5(x+3y)(1-3x)
d. (x-y) (3-5x)
1B. a. 2x(2x-3)
b.xy(x2-2xy+5)
c. 2x(x+1)(x+2)
d. 2x(y-1)+2y(y-1)=2(y-1)(x-y)
c: \(x^2-10x+21=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-7\right)\)
a: \(x^2y+xy^3-xy-y^3\)
\(=xy\left(x-1\right)+y^3\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=y\left(x-1\right)\left(x+y^2\right)\)
\(a) x^2y+xy^3-xy-y^3\\=(x^2y+xy^3)-(xy+y^3)\\=xy(x+y^2)-y(x+y^2)\\=(x+y^2)(xy-y)\\=y(x+y^2)(x-1)\\b)2x^2+5x+8(xem lại đề)\\c)x^2-10x+21\\=x^2-3x-7x+21\\=x(x-3)-7(x-3)\\=(x-3)(x-7)\)
\(a,=xy\left(x+y^2\right)-y\left(x+y^2\right)=y\left(x+y^2\right)\left(x-1\right)\\ c,=x^2-7x-3x+21=\left(x-7\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
`a, 8x^3 - 1 = (2x-1)(4x^2 + 2x - 1)`
`b, x^3 + 27y^3 = (x+3y)(x^3 - 3xy + 9y^2)`
`c, x^3 - y^6 = (x-y^2)(x+xy^2 + y^4)`
\(a,=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x-2y\right)=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y-2\right)\\ b,=\left(x^2+3y\right)^2-1=\left(x^2+3y-1\right)\left(x^2+3y+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a. Không phân tích được nữa
b. $x^2(x-y)+4(y-x)=x^2(x-y)-4(x-y)=(x-y)(x^2-4)=(x-y)(x-2)(x+2)$
c. $x^3+2x^2y+xy^2-4x=x(x^2+2xy+y^2-4)$
$=x[(x^2+2xy+y^2)-4]=x[(x+y)^2-2^2]=x(x+y-2)(x+y+2)$
a) \(xy^2-25x=x\left(y^2-25\right)=x\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)\)
b) \(x\left(x-y\right)+2x-2y=x\left(x-y\right)+\left(2x-2y\right)=x\left(x-y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
c) \(x^3-3x^2-4x+12=\left(x^3-3x^2\right)-\left(4x-12\right)=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(a,=x\left(y^2-25\right)=x\left(y-5\right)\left(y+5\right)\\ b,=x\left(x-y\right)+2\left(x-y\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x-y\right)\\ c,=x^2\left(x-3\right)-4\left(x-3\right)=\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
\(a,=2xy\left(2y-x\right)\\ b,=x^2\left(x-4\right)+5\left(x-4\right)=\left(x^2+5\right)\left(x-4\right)\\ c,=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-25\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
\(a,=2x^2-6x+9x-27=\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+9\right)\\ b,=x^2-7x+\dfrac{49}{4}-\dfrac{73}{4}\\ =\left(x-\dfrac{7}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{73}{4}=\left(x-\dfrac{7}{2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{73}}{2}\right)\left(x-\dfrac{7}{2}+\dfrac{\sqrt{73}}{2}\right)\\ c,=x^2+3x+4x+12=\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\\ d,=x^2-2x-8x+16=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-8\right)\\ e,=x^2-3x-5x+15=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-5\right)\\ g,=x^2+2x+4x+8=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)