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\(a,\text{Thay }x=-2;y=3\\ HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3m-2=4\\3-2n=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\n=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ b,HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-my\\n\left(4-my\right)+y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-my\\4n-mny+y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4-my\\y\left(mn-1\right)=4n+3\end{matrix}\right.\)
HPT có vô số nghiệm \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mn-1=0\\4n+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\n=-\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Đặt \(x+\dfrac{1}{x}=a;y+\dfrac{1}{y}=b\left(\left|a\right|\ge2;\left|b\right|\ge2\right)\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\x^3+y^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}+\dfrac{1}{y^3}=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x^3+\dfrac{1}{x^3}\right)+\left(y^3+\dfrac{1}{y^3}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3-3\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)=15m-25\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}+y+\dfrac{1}{y}=5\\\left(x+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)^3+\left(y+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\a^3+b^3=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\125-15ab=15m-10\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=5\\ab=9-m\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow a,b\) là nghiệm của phương trình \(t^2-5t+9-m=0\left(1\right)\)
a, Nếu \(m=3\), phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) trở thành
\(t^2-5t+6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=2\\b=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=3\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=2\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\y^2-3y+1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=3\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b, \(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow t=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\left(m\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\right)\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\b=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{1}{x}=\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\\y+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x^2-\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\left(2\right)\\2y^2-\left(5\mp\sqrt{4m-11}\right)+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi phương trình \(\left(2\right)\) có nghiệm dương
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta=\left(5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}\right)^2-16\ge0\\\dfrac{5\pm\sqrt{4m-11}}{2}>0\\1>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow...\)
a Để hpt có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-2;3\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2+3m=4\\-2n+3=-3\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3m=6\\-2n=-6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=2\\n=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b Để hpt có vô số nghiệm \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{n}=\dfrac{m}{1}=\dfrac{4}{-3}\) \(\left(\dfrac{a}{a'}=\dfrac{b}{b'}=\dfrac{c}{c'}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{n}=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\m=-\dfrac{4}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m=-\dfrac{4}{3}\\n=-\dfrac{3}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy...
a: Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne-\dfrac{2}{1}\)
nên hệ luôn có nghiệm duy nhất
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\2x+y=3\left(m+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\4x+2y=6\left(m+2\right)=6m+12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=3-m+6m+12=5m+15\\x-2y=3-m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\2y=x-3+m=m+3-3+m=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\y=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để x>0 và y<0 thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m+3>0\\m< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>-3<m<0
b: \(A=x^2+y^2=\left(m+3\right)^2+m^2\)
\(=2m^2+6m+9\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}>=\dfrac{9}{2}\forall m\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(m+\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
=>\(m=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Chú ý. Đối với những hệ phương trình có hệ số thập phân như thế này ta nên nhân với 10 để có hệ phương trình hệ số nguyên:
Thay vào ta thấy phương án A sai, còn phương án B đúng. Vậy đáp án là B.
Đáp án: B
Để hệ phương trình có nghiệm duy nhất thì \(\dfrac{m}{3}\ne-\dfrac{1}{m}\)
=>\(m^2\ne-3\)(luôn đúng)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx-y=2\\3x+my=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=mx-2\\3x+m\cdot\left(mx-2\right)=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=mx-2\\x\left(m^2+3\right)=5+2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=mx-2\\x=\dfrac{2m+5}{m^2+3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+5}{m^2+3}\\y=\dfrac{2m^2+5m}{m^2+3}-2=\dfrac{2m^2+5m-2m^2-6}{m^2+3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m+5}{m^2+3}\\y=\dfrac{5m-6}{m^2+3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x+y=\dfrac{3}{m^2+3}\)
=>\(\dfrac{2m+5+5m-6}{m^2+3}=\dfrac{3}{m^2+3}\)
=>\(7m-1=3\)
=>7m=4
=>m=4/7(nhận)
Đáp án là D
Vậy hệ phương trình có nghiệm (x; y) = ( 3 ; - 3 )