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Một câu thôi: Liên hợp
\(\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2.1-\sqrt{2}}{2^2-2}=\dfrac{2-\sqrt{2}}{2}=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{3}}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{9.2-4.3}=\dfrac{3\sqrt{2}-2\sqrt{3}}{6}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(n+1\right)\sqrt{n}+n\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\)
Nên chứng minh bằng quy nạp mạnh cho chặt chẽ, giờ tui buồn ngủ quá nên bạn tự chứng minh nha :(
\(\Rightarrow u_n=1-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n+1}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{n+1}-1}{\sqrt{n+1}}\Rightarrow\lim\limits\left(u_n\right)=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{n}}}{\sqrt{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}}=1\)
Nếu ở hệ số ở mũ 2 là 1 có khi xài đạo hàm chút là ra tổng quát, còn cái này thì...khó :D
Gọi q là k đi, máy tui kẹt chữ q, xài On-screen keyboard mệt lắm
\(u_n=k+2k^2+3k^3+...+nk^n\)
Nhận thấy nếu giờ chia k cho un thì sẽ có \(1+2k+3k+...+nk^{n-1}\), ta đã đưa về dạng tổng quát có thể đạo hàm được, sau đó chỉ cần nhân k là ra un
\(\dfrac{u_n}{k}=1+2k+3k^2+...+nk^{n-1}\)
\(f\left(x\right)=1+k+k^2+...+k^n\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u_1=1\\q=k\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow f\left(x\right)=1.\dfrac{q^{n+1}-1}{q-1}=\dfrac{k^{n+1}-1}{k-1}\)
Dao ham 2 ve:
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=1+2k+3k^2+...+nk^{n-1}=\dfrac{\left(k^{n+1}-1\right)'\left(k-1\right)-\left(k-1\right)'\left(k^{n+1}-1\right)}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow f'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{\left(n+1\right)k^n\left(k-1\right)-k^{n+1}+1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
\(f'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{k^n\left[\left(n+1\right)\left(k-1\right)-k\right]+1}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow f'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{u_n}{k}\Rightarrow u_n=f'\left(x\right).k=\dfrac{k^{n+1}\left[\left(n+1\right)\left(k-1\right)-k\right]+k}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\dfrac{k^{n+1}\left[\left(n+1\right)\left(k-1\right)-k\right]+k}{\left(k-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits\dfrac{k^{n+1}\left[\left(n+1\right)\left(k-1\right)-k\right]}{\left(k-1\right)^2}+\dfrac{k}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
\(\left|k\right|< 1\Rightarrow lim\left(k^{n+1}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\lim\limits\left(u_n\right)=\dfrac{k}{\left(k-1\right)^2}\)
P/s: Một cách làm rất mới mẻ, có thể tổng quát cho nhiều bài toàn sinh ra từ dãy số vừa rồi :D
Lời giải:
\(u_n=q+2q^2+3q^3+...+nq^n\)
\(qu_n=q^2+2q^3+3a^4+...+nq^{n+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n(1-q)=q+q^2+q^3+...+q^n-nq^{n+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_n(1-q)=q.\frac{q^n-1}{q-1}-nq^{n+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow u_n=q.\frac{1-q^n}{(1-q)^2}+\frac{nq^{n+1}}{q-1}=\frac{q-q^{n+1}}{(1-q)^2}+\frac{nq^{n+1}}{q-1}\)
Vì $|q|< 1$ nên $\lim\limits q^{n+1}=0$ nên $\lim\limits u_n=\frac{q}{(1-q)^2}$
1/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}-5.7.\left(\dfrac{7}{7}\right)^n}{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}+\left(\dfrac{7}{7}\right)^n}=-35\)
2/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{3^n}{7^n}-2.5.\left(\dfrac{5}{7}\right)^n}{\dfrac{2^n}{7^n}+\dfrac{7^n}{7^n}}=0\)
3/ \(\lim\limits\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{\dfrac{5}{n}-\dfrac{8n}{n}}{\dfrac{n}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n}}}=\sqrt[3]{-8}=-2\)
\(A=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n\left(n+1\right)}{2}}}{n\left(n+999999\right)}=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{n^2+n}}{\sqrt{2}\left(n^2+999999n\right)}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^3}}}{\sqrt{2}\left(1+\dfrac{999999}{n}\right)}=\dfrac{0}{\sqrt{2}}=0\)
\(\frac{n^3-1}{n^3+1}=\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n+1\right)}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)}=\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left[\left(n+1\right)^2-\left(n+1\right)+1\right]}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=\frac{1.\left(3^2-3+1\right)}{3.\left(2^2-2+1\right)}.\frac{2\left(4^2-4+1\right)}{4.\left(3^2-3+1\right)}.\frac{3\left(5^2-5+1\right)}{5\left(4^2-4+1\right)}...\frac{\left(n-1\right)\left[\left(n+1\right)^2-\left(n+1\right)+1\right]}{\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2-n+1\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow u_n=\frac{1.2.\left[\left(n+1\right)^2-\left(n+1\right)+1\right]}{\left(2^2-2+1\right).n\left(n+1\right)}=\frac{2n^2+2n+2}{3n^2+3n}\)
\(\Rightarrow lim\left(u_n\right)=lim\frac{2n^2+2n+2}{3n^2+3n}=\frac{2}{3}\)
3:
\(\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{2-5^{n-2}}{3^n+2\cdot5^n}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{5^n}-\dfrac{5^{n-2}}{5^n}}{\dfrac{3^n}{5^n}+2\cdot\dfrac{5^n}{5^n}}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{\dfrac{2}{5^n}-\dfrac{1}{25}}{\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^n+2\cdot1}\)
\(=-\dfrac{1}{25}:2=-\dfrac{1}{50}\)
1:
\(=\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{3^n-4^n\cdot4}{3^n\cdot9+4^n}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{n\rightarrow\infty}\dfrac{\dfrac{3^n}{4^n}-4}{3^n\cdot\dfrac{9}{4^n}+1}\)
\(=-\dfrac{4}{1}=-4\)
\(\lim\dfrac{\left(2n-1\right)\left(3n^2+2\right)^3}{-2n^5+4n^3-1}=\lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2n-1}{n}\right)\left(\dfrac{3n^2+2}{n^2}\right)^3}{\dfrac{-2n^5+4n^3-1}{n^7}}\)
\(=\lim\dfrac{\left(2-\dfrac{1}{n}\right)\left(3+\dfrac{2}{n^2}\right)^3}{-\dfrac{2}{n^2}+\dfrac{4}{n^4}-\dfrac{1}{n^7}}=-\infty\)
\(\lim3^n\left(6.\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n-5+\dfrac{7n}{3^n}\right)=+\infty.\left(-5\right)=-\infty\)
a: \(\lim\limits\dfrac{5n+1}{2n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{5n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\dfrac{2n}{n}}=\lim\limits\dfrac{5+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2}=\dfrac{5+0}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)
b: \(\lim\limits\dfrac{6n^2+8n+1}{5n^2+3}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{6n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{8n}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{\dfrac{5n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{6+\dfrac{8}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{5+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{6+0+0}{5+0}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
c: \(\lim\limits\dfrac{3^n+2^n}{4\cdot3^n}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{3^n}{3^n}+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n}{4\cdot\left(\dfrac{3^n}{3^n}\right)}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{1+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n}{4}=\dfrac{1+0}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d: \(\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{n^2+5n+3}}{6n+2}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{5n}{n^2}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}}{\dfrac{6n}{n}+\dfrac{2}{n}}\)
\(=\lim\limits\dfrac{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{5}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}}{6+\dfrac{2}{n}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{1+0+0}}{6}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
\(a,lim\dfrac{5n+1}{2n}=lim\dfrac{\dfrac{5n}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n}}{\dfrac{2n}{n}}=lim\dfrac{5+\dfrac{1}{n}}{2}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\ b,lim\dfrac{6n^2+8n+1}{5n^2+3}=lim\dfrac{\dfrac{6n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{8n}{n^2}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{\dfrac{5n^2}{n^2}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}=lim\dfrac{6+\dfrac{8}{n}+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}{5+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)
\(c,lim\dfrac{3^n+2^n}{4.3^n}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3^n}{3^n}+\dfrac{2^n}{3^n}}{\dfrac{4.3^n}{3^n}}=\dfrac{1+\left(\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^n}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(d,lim\dfrac{\sqrt{n^2+5n+3}}{6n+2}=lim\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{n^2+5n+3}{n^2}}}{\dfrac{6n}{n}+\dfrac{2}{n}}=lim\dfrac{\sqrt{1+\dfrac{5}{n}+\dfrac{3}{n^2}}}{6+\dfrac{2}{n}}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Chọn C.
Ta có
Suy ra