Cho a, b ,c là các số thực dương. CMR: (a+b)2+\(\frac{a+b}{2}\)\(\ge2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\)
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Ta có: \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
Từ đó ta có
\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge4ab+\frac{a+b}{2}\)
Ta cần chứng minh
\(4ab+\frac{a+b}{2}\ge2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8ab+a+b-4a\sqrt{b}-4b\sqrt{a}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4ab-4a\sqrt{b}+a\right)+\left(4ab-4b\sqrt{a}+b\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(2\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\)ĐPCM là đúng
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si cho các số dương:
\((a+b)^2+\frac{a+b}{2}=(a+b)[(a+b)+\frac{1}{2}]\)
\(=(a+b)[(a+\frac{1}{4})+(b+\frac{1}{4})]\geq 2\sqrt{ab}(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b})=2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\)
Ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=\frac{1}{4}$
Ta có
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=3+a\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+b\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)+c\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{a}\right)\)
\(\ge3+2a.\frac{1}{\sqrt{bc}}+2b.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ac}}+2c.\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}\)
Mà \(abc\le1\)
=> \(VT\ge3+2a\sqrt{a}+2b\sqrt{b}+2c\sqrt{c}=VP\)(ĐPCM)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Kiểm tra lại đề đê. Với [ a = 1/10, b = 1/3, c = 1/10 ] thì đề sai.
Dat \(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{2b^2+2c^2-a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{2c^2+2a^2-b^2}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{2a^2+2b^2-c^2}}\)
Ta co:
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{2b^2+2c^2-a^2}}=\frac{\sqrt{3}a^2}{\sqrt{3a^2\left(2b^2+2c^2-a^2\right)}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}a^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
Tuong tu:
\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{2c^2+2a^2-b^2}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}b^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\frac{c}{\sqrt{2a^2+2b^2-c^2}}\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}c^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{\sqrt{3}\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}{a^2+b^2+c^2}=\sqrt{3}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Câu b : Ta có :
\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{a+b}{2}=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(b+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\right]\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - Si ta có :
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\\a+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{a}\\b+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\sqrt{b}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\sqrt{ab}\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\right)=2a\sqrt{b}+2b\sqrt{a}\) ( đpcm )
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi \(a=b=-\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
BĐT trở thành: \(\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}+\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{x^2+z^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x^2+z^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xy}{x+z}+\dfrac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{yz}{x+z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx}{x+y}+\dfrac{zx}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx+yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{xy+zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{yz+xy}{z+x}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\) hay \(a=b=c\)
Đặt \(a=x^2;b=y^2\) với x;y dương
Ta cần chứng minh: \(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge2x^2y+2xy^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2+4x^2y^2+\frac{1}{2}x^2+\frac{1}{2}y^2-2x^2y-2xy^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}x^2\left(4y^2-4y+1\right)+\frac{1}{2}y^2\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-y^2\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}x^2\left(2y-1\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}y^2\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\frac{1}{2}\) hay \(a=b=\frac{1}{4}\)