\(P=a+b+c-\frac{1}{2}abc\)
a+b+c=3
GTNN,GTLN
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Dễ CM đc: \(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}=1\) với abc=1
\(B=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+2}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(9\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{1}{ab+a+1}+3\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(9.1+3\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
"=" \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
\(b^4+c^4-bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)=\left(b^2+bc+c^2\right)\left(b-c\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow b^4+c^4\ge bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)
Tương tự\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{a+b^4+c^4}\le\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{a+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}=\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{a}{bc}\)
\(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2}{abc}=a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a^2+b^2+c^2}\left(\frac{a}{bc}+\frac{b}{ca}+\frac{c}{ab}\right)=1\)
oke rồi he
@Nub :v
Áp dụng Bunhiacopski ta dễ có:
\(\frac{a}{b^4+c^4+a}=\frac{a\left(1+1+a^3\right)}{\left(b^4+c^4+a\right)\left(1+1+a^3\right)}\le\frac{a^4+2a}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Tương tự:
\(\frac{b}{a^4+c^4+b}\le\frac{b^4+2b}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2};\frac{c}{a^4+b^4+c}\le\frac{c^4+2c}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Cộng lại:
\(A\le\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2a+2b+2c}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\)
Ta đi chứng minh:
\(\frac{a^4+b^4+c^4+2a+2b+2c}{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}\le1\Leftrightarrow a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\ge abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Cái này luôn đúng theo Cauchy
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=c=1
\(P=\frac{1}{ab+a+2}+\frac{1}{bc+b+2}+\frac{1}{ca+c+2}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{ab+a+2}=\frac{1}{ab+1+a+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+1}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{abc}{ab+abc}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c}{c+1}+\frac{1}{a+1}\right)\)
Tương tự ta cũng có: \(\frac{1}{bc+b+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\right),\frac{1}{ca+c+2}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{b+1}+\frac{c}{c+1}\right)\)
Cộng lại vế với vế ta được:
\(P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a+1}{a+1}+\frac{b+1}{b+1}+\frac{c+1}{c+1}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \(=\)khi \(a=b=c=1\).
\(abc+ab+bc+ca=2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow abc+ab+bc+ca+a+b+c+1=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)=a+b+c+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)}+\frac{1}{\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)}=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a+1};\frac{1}{b+1};\frac{1}{c+1}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xy+yz+zx=1\)
\(P=\sum\frac{x}{x^2+1}=\sum\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}=\frac{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Mặt khác \(\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)\ge\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)=\frac{8}{9}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\le\frac{9}{4\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
Áp dụng AM - GM
\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2+b^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2+c^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2+a^2}}\ge\frac{1}{\sqrt{2ab}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2bc}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2ca}}\)
\(abc=a+b+c+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)+\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)+\left(c+1\right)\left(a+1\right)\ge\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}=1\)
Với mọi số thực x,y,z ta có ngay:
\(\frac{x}{x+y+z}+\frac{y}{x+y+z}+\frac{z}{x+y+z}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{1+\frac{y+z}{x}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{z+x}{y}}+\frac{1}{1+\frac{x+y}{z}}=1\)
Khi đó ta có thể đặt được \(\left(a;b;c\right)\rightarrow\left(\frac{y+z}{x};\frac{z+x}{y};\frac{x+y}{z}\right)\)
Thay vào thì dễ có:
\(\sqrt{\frac{xy}{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{yz}{\left(z+x\right)\left(x+y\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{zx}{\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{2}\Sigma\left(\frac{x}{x+z}+\frac{z}{x+z}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy ...........................
Lời giải:
Ta có:
$a+b+c=abc\Rightarrow a(a+b+c)=a^2bc$
$\Leftrightarrow bc+a(a+b+c)=bc(a^2+1)$
$\Leftrightarrow (a+b)(a+c)=bc(a^2+1)$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{\sqrt{bc(a^2+1)}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}}$
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{bc(1+a^2)}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{(a+b)(a+c)}}\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại:
\(S\leq \frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy $S_{\max}=\frac{3}{2}$. Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=\sqrt{3}$
gt <=> \(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{bc}+\frac{1}{ca}=1\)
Đặt: \(\frac{1}{a}=x;\frac{1}{b}=y;\frac{1}{c}=z\)
=> Thay vào thì \(VT=\frac{\frac{1}{xy}}{\frac{1}{z}\left(1+\frac{1}{xy}\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{yz}{\frac{1}{x}\left(1+\frac{1}{yz}\right)}}+\frac{1}{\frac{zx}{\frac{1}{y}\left(1+\frac{1}{zx}\right)}}\)
\(VT=\frac{z}{xy+1}+\frac{x}{yz+1}+\frac{y}{zx+1}=\frac{x^2}{xyz+x}+\frac{y^2}{xyz+y}+\frac{z^2}{xyz+z}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+3xyz}\)
Có BĐT x, y, z > 0 thì \(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\ge9xyz\)Ta thay \(xy+yz+zx=1\)vào
=> \(x+y+z\ge9xyz=>\frac{x+y+z}{3}\ge3xyz\)
=> Từ đây thì \(VT\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z+\frac{x+y+z}{3}}=\frac{3}{4}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}=\frac{3}{4}.\sqrt{3}=\frac{3\sqrt{3}}{4}\)
=> Ta có ĐPCM . "=" xảy ra <=> x=y=z <=> \(a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
Dạ em mới chỉ biết tìm Min thôi ạ!
Ta có: \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{abc}\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\le1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=a+b+c-\frac{1}{2}abc\)
\(\ge3-\frac{1}{2}.1=\frac{5}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=1\)
Để em nghĩ tìm Max đã ạ!
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