Tính giá trị của biểu thức A = \(\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)\) biết x+y+z=0 và xyz khác 0
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#)Giải :
\(A=\left(1-\frac{z}{y}\right).\left(1-\frac{x}{y}\right).\left(1-\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x-z}{x}.\frac{x+y}{z}.\frac{z-y}{x}\)
\(x+y-z=0\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=z\\x-z=-y\\z-y=x\end{cases}}\)
Thay vào A, ta được :
\(A=\frac{-y}{x}.\frac{z}{y}.\frac{x}{z}=\frac{-yzx}{xyz}=-1\)
~Will~be~Pens~
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\(A=\left(1-\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(1-\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x-z}{x}\cdot\frac{y-x}{y}\cdot\frac{y+z}{z}\)
Do \(x-y-z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x-z=y;y-x=-z;y+z=x\)
Khi đó \(A=\frac{y}{x}\cdot\frac{-z}{y}\cdot\frac{x}{z}=-1\)
Vậy A=-1
\(\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{xyz+yz+y}\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y}{yz+y+1}+\frac{1}{1+yz+y}\)
\(=\frac{1}{xy+x+1}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz}{xy\cdot yz+xyz+yz}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz}{yz+y+1}+\frac{y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{yz+y+1}{yz+y+1}\)
\(=1\)
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Mấy câu này mấy bạn nên thay:
Thay x = 3 , y = 2 , z = 1. (3-2-1=0)
Đoạn sau bấm máy tính: B = (1 - 1/3)(1 - 3/2)(1 - 2/1)
= 1/3
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\(\text{Ta có: }x-y-z=0\Rightarrow x=y+z\)
\(y=x-z\)
\(z=x-y\)
\(\text{Mặt khác: }A=\left(1-\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(1-\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{x}{x}-\frac{z}{x}\right)\left(\frac{y}{y}-\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(\frac{z}{z}+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x-z}{x}.\frac{y-x}{y}.\frac{y+z}{z}\)
\(=\frac{x-z}{y+z}.\frac{y-x}{x-z}.\frac{y+z}{x-y}\)
\(=\frac{x-z}{y+z}.\frac{y-x}{x-z}.\frac{y+z}{-\left(y-x\right)}\)
\(=-1\)
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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{\left(3x+1\right)\left(y+z\right)+x}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3\sqrt[3]{1}}=\frac{1}{3x\left(y+z\right)+3}=\frac{1}{3\left(xy+zx+1\right)}=\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}\)
Tương tự ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{1}{\left(3y+1\right)\left(z+x\right)+y}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\) ; \(\frac{1}{\left(3z+1\right)\left(x+y\right)+z}\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}\)
Cộng vế 3 BĐT trên lại:
\(A\le\frac{1}{3}\cdot\left(\frac{1}{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+1}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3A\le\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+1}+\frac{1}{\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)^3+\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}}\right)^3+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{x}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{y}};\frac{1}{\sqrt[3]{z}}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\) khi đó:
\(3A\le\frac{1}{a^3+b^3+1}+\frac{1}{b^3+c^3+1}+\frac{1}{c^3+a^3+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(b^2-bc+c^2\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(c^2-ca+a^2\right)+1}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\left(a+b\right)\left(2ab-ab\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(b+c\right)\left(2bc-bc\right)+1}+\frac{1}{\left(c+a\right)\left(2ca-ca\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{1}{ab\left(a+b\right)+1}+\frac{1}{bc\left(b+c\right)+1}+\frac{1}{ca\left(c+a\right)+1}\)
\(=\frac{abc}{ab\left(a+b\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{bc\left(b+c\right)+abc}+\frac{abc}{ca\left(c+a\right)+abc}\)
\(=\frac{c}{a+b+c}+\frac{a}{b+c+a}+\frac{b}{c+a+b}\)
\(=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)
Vậy Max(A) = 1 khi x = y = z = 1
Câu hỏi của Pham Van Hung - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
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Ta có: x - y - z = 0 \(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x-z=y\\y-x=-z\\z+y=x\end{cases}\)
\(A=\left(1-\frac{z}{x}\right).\left(1-\frac{x}{y}\right).\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{x-z}{x}.\frac{y-x}{y}.\frac{z+y}{z}\)
\(A=\frac{y}{x}.\frac{-z}{y}.\frac{x}{z}=-1\)
Ta có :
\(A=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x+y}{y}.\frac{y+z}{z}.\frac{z+x}{x}\)
Do x + y + z = 0 => x+y = -z ; y+z = -x ; z+x = -y
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{-z}{y}.\frac{-x}{z}.\frac{-y}{x}=\frac{\left(-1\right).xyz}{xyz}=-1\)