Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức f(x) = x + 3/x với x >=2
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1:
a: \(A=2+3\sqrt{x^2+1}>=3\cdot1+2=5\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=0
b: \(B=\sqrt{x+8}-7>=-7\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=-8
bài này ta có thể giải theo 2 cách
ta có A = \(\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\)
= \(\frac{x^2}{x^2}\)- \(\frac{2x}{x^2}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
= 1 - \(\frac{2}{x}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)
đặt \(\frac{1}{x}\)= y ta có
A= 1- 2y + 2011y^2
cách 1 :
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= 2011 ( y^2 - \(\frac{2}{2011}y\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011( y^2 - 2.y.\(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\)- \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2011}\))
= 2011 \(\left(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\right)+\frac{2010}{2011^2}\)
= 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì ( y - \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) 2>=0
=> 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)> = \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >=\(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
cách 2
A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1
= ( \(\sqrt{2011y^2}\)) - 2 . \(\sqrt{2011y}\). \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
= \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
vì \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)> =0
nên \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)>= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
hay A >= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)
A= x^2 -3x + 3 = x^2 - 4x + 4 +x - 1 = (x -2 )^2 +x -1
Ta có: x>= 2
=> x-1 >= 1
Ta thây: (x-2 ) ^2 >= 0
=> (x-2)^2 + x - 1 >= 1
Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi: (x-2)^2 + x = 2 <=> x^2 - 3x +2 =0 <=> x^2 -2x -x +2 = 0 <=> x( x-1) -2( x-1) =0 <=> (x-1)(x-2) = 0
<=>\(\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\x-2=0\end{cases}}\)<=> \(\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy GTNN của A là 1 khi x= 1 hoăc x=2
a) \(\left(\frac{x+3}{x-2}+\frac{x+2}{3-x}+\frac{x+2}{x^2-5x+6}\right):\left(\frac{1-x}{x+1}\right)\)
= \(\left(\frac{x+3}{x-2}-\frac{x+2}{x-3}+\frac{x+2}{x^2-2x-3x+6}\right):\left(\frac{1-x}{x+1}\right)\)
= \(\left(\frac{\left(x+3\right)\left(x-3\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}-\frac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}+\frac{x+2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\right):\left(\frac{1-x}{x+1}\right)\)
= \(\left(\frac{x^2-9-x^2+4+x+2}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}\right).\frac{x+1}{1-x}\)
=\(\frac{-3+x}{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)}.\frac{x+1}{1-x}\)
=\(\frac{1}{\left(x-2\right)}.\frac{x+1}{1-x}\)
=\(\frac{x+1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(1-x\right)}\)
b) Để A >1 \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+1}{\left(x-2\right)\left(1-x\right)}>1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-\left(1-x\right)\left(3-x\right)}{\left(x-2\right)\left(1-x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-3}{x-2}>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3\ge0\\x-2>0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x\ge3\\x>2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x\ge3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-3< 0\\x-2< 0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x< 3\\x< 2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x< 2}\)
Vậy ...
\(A=\frac{x}{3}+\frac{3}{x-2}\)
\(=\frac{x-2}{3}+\frac{3}{x-2}+\frac{2}{3}\)
Áp dụng Cauchy nữa là đc
\(f\left(x\right)=x+\frac{3}{x}=\left(\frac{3x}{4}+\frac{3}{x}\right)+\frac{x}{4}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{3x}{4}.\frac{3}{x}}+\frac{2}{4}=3+\frac{1}{2}=\frac{7}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\\frac{3x}{4}=\frac{3}{x}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=2\)
Vậy min f(x) = 7/2 đạt tại x =2