Phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
x4 + 7x3 + 14x2 + 14x + 4
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a) ( x 2 – 4x + 1)( x 2 – 2x + 3). b) (3x – y – 1)(x – 7y – 1).
Ta có : \(x^4-5x^2+4\)
\(=x^4-x^2-4x^2+4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
Ta có: \(x^4-5x^2+4\)
\(=x^4-x^2-4x^2+4\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-1\right)-4\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(x^4+8x=x\left(x^3+8\right)=x\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\)
\(x^4+2x^3+2x^2+2x+1\\ =\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(x+1\right)\\ =x^3\left(x+1\right)+x^2\left(x+1\right)+x\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left[\left(x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x+1\right)\right]\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\right]\left(x+1\right)\\ =\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x+1\right)^2\)
\(2x^4-7x^3+17x^2-20x+14\)
\(=2x^4-3x^3+7x^2-4x^3+6x^2-14x+4x^2-6x+14\)
\(=x^2\left(2x^2-3x+7\right)-2x\left(2x^2-3x+7\right)+2\left(2x^2-3x+7\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\left(2x^2-3x+7\right)\)
\(x^4-14x^3+71x^2-154x+120\)
\(=x^4-2x^3-12x^3+24x^2+47x^2-94x-60x+120\)
\(=x^3\left(x-2\right)-12x^2\left(x-2\right)+47x\left(x-2\right)-60\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-12x^2+47x-60\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^3-3x^2-9x^2+27x+20x-60\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2\left(x-3\right)-9x\left(x-3\right)+20\left(x-3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-9x+20\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-4x-5x+20\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left[x\left(x-4\right)-5\left(x-4\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x-4\right)\left(x-5\right)\)
=x(x^3+7x^2+14x+14+4)
=x(x^3+7x^2+14x+18)
x4+7x3+14x2+14x+4
=x4+7x3+4x2+10x2+14x+4
=(x4+4x2+4)+(7x3+14x)+10x2
=(x2+2)2+7x(x2+2)+10x2
=(x2+2)2+2x(x2+2)+5x(x2+2)+10x2
=(x2+2)(x2+2+2x)+5x(x2+2+2x)
=(x2+2+2x)(x2+2+5x)