\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\2x+y=3\left(m+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tìm m để hệ phương trình (1) có nghiệm duy nhất sao cho S=\(x^2+y^2\)đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất
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Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+my=2\\mx-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\m\left(2-my\right)-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\2m-m^2y-2y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\2m-\left(m^2y+2y\right)=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\m^2y+2y=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\y\left(m^2+2\right)=2m-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-my\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2-\dfrac{m\cdot\left(2m-1\right)}{m^2+2}\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2m^2+4-2m^2+m}{m^2+2}=\dfrac{m+4}{m^2+2}\\y=\dfrac{2m-1}{m^2+2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Tới đây bạn tự làm tiếp nhé
`a)` Thay `m=\sqrt{3}+1` vào hệ ptr có:
`{(\sqrt{3}x-2y=1),(3x+(\sqrt{3}+1)y=1):}`
`<=>{(3x-2\sqrt{3}y=\sqrt{3}),(3x+(\sqrt{3}+1)y=1):}`
`<=>{((3\sqrt{3}+1)y=1-\sqrt{3}),(\sqrt{3}x-2y=1):}`
`<=>{(y=[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13),(\sqrt{3}x-2[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13=1):}`
`<=>{(x=[4+\sqrt{3}]/13),(y=[-5+2\sqrt{3}]/13):}`
`b){((m-1)x-2y=1),(3x+my=1):}`
`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),((m-1)[1-my]/3-2y=1):}`
`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(m-m^2y-1+my-6y=3):}`
`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),((-m^2+m-6)y=4-m):}`
`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`
Mà `-m^2+m-6` luôn `ne 0`
`=>AA m` thì đều tìm được `1` giá trị `y` từ đó tìm được `x`
`=>AA m` thì hệ ptr có `1` nghiệm duy nhất
`c){((m-1)x-2y=1),(3x+my=1):}`
`<=>{(x=[1-my]/3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`
`<=>{(x=(1-m[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):3),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`
`<=>{(x=[-m^2+m-6-4m+m^2]/[-3m^2+3m-18]),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`
`<=>{(x=[-3m-6]/[3(-m^2+m-6)]),(y=[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]):}`
Ta có: `x-y=[-3m-6]/[3(-m^2+m-6)]-[4-m]/[-m^2+m-6]`
`=[-3m-6-12+3m]/[-3(m^2-m+6)]`
`=[-18]/[-3(m^2-m+6)]=6/[(m-1/2)^2+23/4]`
Vì `(m-1/2)^2+23/4 >= 23/4`
`<=>6/[(m-1/2)^2+23/4] <= 24/23`
Hay `x-y <= 24/23`
Dấu "`=`" xảy ra `<=>m-1/2=0<=>m=1/2`
a: Vì \(\dfrac{1}{2}\ne-\dfrac{2}{1}\)
nên hệ luôn có nghiệm duy nhất
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\2x+y=3\left(m+2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y=3-m\\4x+2y=6\left(m+2\right)=6m+12\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=3-m+6m+12=5m+15\\x-2y=3-m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\2y=x-3+m=m+3-3+m=2m\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m+3\\y=m\end{matrix}\right.\)
Để x>0 và y<0 thì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m+3>0\\m< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>-3<m<0
b: \(A=x^2+y^2=\left(m+3\right)^2+m^2\)
\(=2m^2+6m+9\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+3m+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{9}{2}>=\dfrac{9}{2}\forall m\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(m+\dfrac{3}{2}=0\)
=>\(m=-\dfrac{3}{2}\)
=>2x-2y=8 và 2x+3y=5m+3
=>-5y=8-5m-3=-5m+5 và x-y=4
=>y=m-1 và x=4+m-1=m+3
x^2+y^2-4=(m+3)^2+(m-1)^2-4
=m^2+6m+9+m^2-2m+1-4
=2m^2+4m+6
=2(m^2+2m+3)
=2(m^2+2m+1+2)
=2[(m+1)^2+2]>=4
=>A<=2019/4
Dấu = xảy ra khi m=-1
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x-y=2m-1\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y=4m-2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6x-2y+x+2y=4m-2+3m+2\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7x=7m\\x+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\m+2y=3m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\2y=2m+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=m\\y=m+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(x^2+y^2+3\\ =m^2+\left(m+1\right)^2+3\\ =m^2+m^2+2m+1+3\\ =2m^2+2m+4\\ =2\left(m^2+m+2\right)\)
\(=2\left(m^2+m+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{7}{4}\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{4}\right]\)
\(=2\left(m+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{7}{2}\ge\dfrac{7}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow m=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy ...
\(\text{Với }m\ne-1\\ HPT\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}mx+y=m^2+3\\y=x+4\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow mx+x+4=m^2+3\\ \Leftrightarrow x\left(m+1\right)=m^2-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{\left(m-1\right)\left(m+1\right)}{m+1}=m-1\\ \Leftrightarrow y=x+4=m+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(m-1;m+3\right)\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=x^2-2y+10\\ \Leftrightarrow Q=\left(m-1\right)^2-2\left(m+3\right)+10\\ \Leftrightarrow Q=m^2-2m+1-2m-6+10\\ \Leftrightarrow Q=m^2-4m+5=\left(m-2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow m=2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(Q_{min}=1\)
=>y=(m+1)x-m-1 và x+(m^2-1)x-m^2+1=2
=>x=2-1+m^2/m^2 và y=(m+1)x-m-1
=>x=(m^2+1)/m^2 và y=(m^3+m^2+m+1-m^3-m^2)/m^2=(m+1)/m^2
x+y=(m^2+m+2)/m^2
Để x+y min thì m^2+m+2 min
=>m^2+m+1/4+7/4 min
=>(m+1/2)^2+7/4min
=>m=-1/2
Lời giải:
HPT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x=2y+3-m\\ 2x+y=3(m+2)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow 2(2y+3-m)+y=3(m+2)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y=m\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2y+3-m=2m+3-m=m+3\)
Vậy HPT có nghiệm $(x,y)=(m+3,m)$
\(\Rightarrow S=x^2+y^2=(m+3)^2+m^2=2m^2+6m+9\)
\(=2(m+\frac{3}{2})^2+\frac{9}{2}\geq \frac{9}{2}\)
Vậy \(S_{\min}=\frac{9}{2}\Leftrightarrow (m+\frac{3}{2})^2=0\Leftrightarrow m=-\frac{3}{2}\)