Cho D=\(\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2020}}{\frac{2019}{1}+\frac{2018}{2}+\frac{2017}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}}\). Tính D?
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Sửa đề \(\frac{2019}{1}+\frac{2018}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{2019}{1}+\frac{2018}{2}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(=\left(2019+1\right)+\left(\frac{2018}{2}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{2019}+1\right)-2019\)
\(=2020+\frac{2020}{2}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}+\frac{2020}{2020}-2020\)
\(=\frac{2020}{2}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}+\frac{2020}{2020}\)
\(=2020.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)Thay vào biểu thức A ta được:
\(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}}{2020.\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)}=\frac{1}{2020}\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{2}{2019}+\frac{3}{2018}+...+\frac{2019}{2}+\frac{2020}{1}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{1+\left(\frac{1}{2020}+1\right)+\left(\frac{2}{2019}+1\right)+\left(\frac{3}{2018}+1\right)+...+\left(\frac{2019}{2}+1\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{\frac{2021}{2021}+\frac{2021}{2020}+\frac{2021}{2019}+...+\frac{2021}{2}}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}\)
\(A=\frac{2021\left(\frac{1}{2021}+\frac{1}{2020}+\frac{1}{2019}+...+\frac{1}{2}\right)}{\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2021}}=2021\)
Ơ !!! Bài này giống bài 5 môn Toán thi cuối học kỳ 2 trường mình nè !!!
đặt 22018 = a ; 32019 = b ; 52020 = c
Ta có : \(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
\(2B=\frac{2}{1.2}+\frac{2}{3.4}+...+\frac{2}{2019.2020}\)
\(< 1+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2018.2019}+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
\(2B< 1+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+....+\frac{2019-2018}{2018.2019}+\frac{2020-2019}{2019.2020}\)
\(2B< 1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2020}< 1+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(B< \frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A>1>\frac{3}{4}>B\)
Mình chỉ biết cách tính B thôi, đây nhé:
B= \(\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{5.6}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
B=\(1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}-\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\)
\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)
\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)
\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-2\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1010}\right)\)
\(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1010}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1011}+\frac{1}{1012}+....+\frac{1}{2019}+\frac{1}{2020}\)
Lời giải:
\(B=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{5.6}+....+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
\(\Rightarrow 2B=\frac{2}{1.2}+\frac{2}{3.4}+\frac{2}{5.6}+....+\frac{2}{2019.2020}\)
\(< 1+\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+\frac{1}{4.5}+\frac{1}{5.6}+....+\frac{1}{2018.2019}+\frac{1}{2019.2020}\)
\(2B< 1+\frac{3-2}{2.3}+\frac{4-3}{3.4}+\frac{5-4}{4.5}+....+\frac{2019-2018}{2018.2019}+\frac{2020-2019}{2019.2020}\)
\(2B< 1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\)
\( 2B< 1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2020}< 1+\frac{1}{2}\)
\(B< \frac{3}{4}\)
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Đặt \(2^{2018}=a; 3^{2019}=b; 5^{2020}=c(a,b,c>0)\)
\(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}> \frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A>1> \frac{3}{4}> B\)
Ta có : \(A=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{5}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{6}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+\frac{1}{1012}+...+\frac{1}{2019}=B\)
\(\Rightarrow A-B-1=-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(A-B-1\right)^{2019}=-1\)
\(A=\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{c+a}>\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{a+b+c}+\frac{c}{a+b+c}=\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}=1.\)
Với : \(a=2^{2018};.b=3^{2019};,c=5^{2020}.\)
Và : \(B=\frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2019.2020}=1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2019}-\frac{1}{2020}\Leftrightarrow\)
\(B=1-\frac{1}{2020}< 1< A\)
\(MS=\frac{2019}{1}+\frac{2018}{2}+\frac{2017}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(=1+1+\frac{2018}{2}+1+\frac{2017}{3}+...+1+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(=\frac{2020}{2020}+\frac{2020}{2}+\frac{2020}{3}+...+\frac{2020}{2019}\)
\(=2020\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2020}\right)\)
Suy ra \(D=\frac{1}{2020}\).