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$PTHH:Zn+2HCl\to ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow$
$n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2(mol)$
Theo PT: $n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2(mol);n_{HCl}=0,4(mol)$
$a)m_{axit}=m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6(g)$
$b)m_{ZnCl_2}=n.M=0,2.136=27,2(g)$
$c)V_{H_2(đktc)}=n.22,4=0,2.22,4=4,48(lít)$
Số mol kẽm là :
\(n=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH : Zn + 2HCL -> ZnCl2 + H2
1 2 1 1
0,2 mol -> 0,4 mol 0,2 mol 0,2 mol
a, Khối lượng HCL là :
\(m=n.M=0,4.35,5=14,2\left(g\right)\)
b, Khối lượng ZnCL2 là :
\(m=n.M=0,1.136=13,6\left(g\right)\)
c, Thể tích H2 là : V = n . 22,4 = \(0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
\(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\uparrow\\ n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,12}{22,4}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ n_{Zn}=n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{H_2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\\ m_{Zn}=0,05.65=3,25\left(g\right)\\ m_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05.98}{19,6\%}=25\left(g\right)\\ V_{\text{dd}H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{25}{1,84}\approx13,587\left(ml\right)\)
a) PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 -> ZnSO4 + H2
nH2= 0,15(mol)
=> nZn=nH2SO4=nZnSO4=nH2=0,15(mol)
b) mZn=0,15.65=9,75(g)
c) CMddH2SO4= 0,15/ 0,05=3(M)
d) mZnSO4= 161. 0,15=24,15(g)
a, \(Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
b, \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{19,5}{65}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3.22,4=6,72\left(l\right)\)
c, \(n_{ZnSO_4}=n_{Zn}=0,3\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{ZnSO_4}=0,3.161=48,3\left(g\right)\)
d, \(n_{Fe_2O_3}=\dfrac{64}{160}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Fe+3H_2O\)
Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,4}{1}>\dfrac{0,3}{3}\), ta được Fe2O3 dư.
Mà: H% = 30% \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2\left(pư\right)}=0,3.30\%=0,09\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Fe}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2}=0,06\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3\left(pư\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}n_{H_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=0,4-0,03=0,37\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a=m_{Fe}+m_{Fe_2O_3\left(dư\right)}=62,56\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{13}{65}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
0,2--->0,2--------->0,2------>0,2
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ m_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2.98}{20\%}=98\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow V_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{98}{1,14}=86\left(ml\right)=0,086\left(l\right)\\ \rightarrow C_{M\left(H_2SO_4\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,086}=2,33M\)
HD:
a,
2AL+3H2SO4=>AL2(SO4)3+3H2
b,
Ta có: nAL=10.8/27=0.4(mol)
theo phương trình ta có: nH2=3/2nAL=0.6(mol)
=> VCO2=0.6*22.4=13.44(lít)
c,
Ta có: nH2=11.2/22.4=0.5(mol)
theo phương trình ta có: nH2SO4=nH2=0.5(mol)
=>mH2SO4=0.5*98=49(g)
`Zn+H_2SO_4->ZnSO_4+H_2`(to)
0,45-------------------0,45------0,45mol
`n_(Zn)=(29,25)/65=0,45mol`
`m_(ZnSO_4)=0,45.161=72,45g`
`V_(H_2)=0,45.22,4=10,08l`
c) `H_2+CuO->Cu+H_2O`(to)
0,45--------0,45 mol
`n_(Cu)=40/80=0,5 mol`
=>Cu dư , 0,05 mol
`m_(chất rắn)=0,45.64+0,05.80=32,8g`
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{29,25}{65}=0,45\left(mol\right)\)
a) \(PTHH:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
1 1 1 1
0,45 0,45 0,45 0,45
b) \(m_{ZnSO_4}=n.M=0,45.\left(65+32+16.4\right)=51,03\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2}=n.24,79=0,45.24,79=11,1555\left(l\right)\)
c) \(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{40}{\left(64+16\right)}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:CuO+H_2\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
1 1 1 1
0,5 0,5 0,5 0,5
\(m_{Cu}=0,5.64=32\left(g\right).\)
a) Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + H2SO4 --> ZnSO4 + H2
0,4-->0,4------->0,4---->0,4
=> \(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,4.98=39,2\left(g\right)\)
b) \(m_{ZnSO_4}=0,4.161=64,4\left(g\right)\)
c) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\
pthh:Zn+H_2SO_4\rightarrow ZnSO_4+H_2\)
0,4 0,4 0,4
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0,8.98=78,4\left(g\right)\\
m_{ZnSO_4}=136.0,4=54,4\left(g\right)\\
m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,6\left(g\right)\\
V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96\left(l\right)\)
Kẽm tác dụng với axit clodric: Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2.