Cho 2 số nguyên dương a,b. Chứng minh: \(\sqrt{a+b}< \sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}\)
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\(\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}\right)^2\\ =\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}+a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+\sqrt{a^2-b}\right)\left(a-\sqrt{a^2-b}\right)}{4}}\\ =\dfrac{2a}{2}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{a^2-a^2+b}{4}}\\ =a+2\sqrt{\dfrac{b}{4}}=a+\dfrac{2\sqrt{b}}{2}=a+\sqrt{b}\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{a+\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a-\sqrt{a^2-b}}{2}}=\sqrt{a+\sqrt{b}}\)
1,
\(\frac{a}{1+\frac{b}{a}}+\frac{b}{1+\frac{c}{b}}+\frac{c}{1+\frac{a}{c}}=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\ge\frac{\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2}{2}=1\left(Q.E.D\right)\)
Với a,b > = 0 và a + b = a2b2
Ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt{a+b+4\sqrt{a+b+2ab+1}}=\sqrt{a^2b^2+4\sqrt{a^2b^2+2ab+1}}\)
\(=\sqrt{a^2b^2+4\sqrt{\left(ab+1\right)^2}}=\sqrt{a^2b^2+4\left(ab+1\right)}\)
\(=\sqrt{a^2b^2+4ab+4}=\sqrt{\left(ab+2\right)^2}=ab+2=VP\)
=> đpcm
3a) ta có \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}=a-\frac{ab}{a+b}>=a-\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}=a-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}\)
vì \(a,b>0,a+b>=2\sqrt{ab}nên\frac{ab}{a+b}< =\frac{ab}{2\sqrt{ab}}\)
tương tự \(\frac{b^2}{b+c}=b-\frac{bc}{b+c}>=b-\frac{bc}{2\sqrt{bc}}=b-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}\)
tương tự \(\frac{c^2}{c+a}=c-\frac{ca}{c+a}>=c-\frac{ca}{2\sqrt{ca}}=c-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}\)
cộng từng vế BĐT ta được \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=a+b+c-\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{2}-\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{2}=\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}\left(1\right)\)
giả sử \(\frac{2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}}{2}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=a+b+c\)
<=> \(a+b+c-\sqrt{ab}-\sqrt{bc}-\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(2a+2b+2c-2\sqrt{ab}-2\sqrt{bc}-2\sqrt{ca}>=0\)
<=> \(\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{c}\right)^2>=0\)
(đúng với mọi a,b,c >0) (2)
(1),(2)=> \(\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}>=\frac{a+b+c}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
a)Áp dụng AM-GM có:
\(a\sqrt{b-1}\le a.\dfrac{b-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{ab}{2}\)
\(b\sqrt{a-1}\le b.\dfrac{a-1+1}{2}=\dfrac{ab}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le\dfrac{ab}{2}+\dfrac{ab}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a\sqrt{b-1}+b\sqrt{a-1}\le ab\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=2
b)Áp dụng bđt bunhiacopxki có:
\(\left(\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{a}.\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{b}.\sqrt{d}\right)^2\)\(\le\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{d}\right)^2\right]=\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\le\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{c}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{b}}{\sqrt{d}}\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
\(b,\) Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopski:
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(c+d\right)=\left[\left(\sqrt{a}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{b}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\sqrt{c}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{d}\right)^2\right]\\ \ge\left(\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{bd}\right)^2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow ad=bc\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x^2;y^2;z^2\right)\) với \(x;y;z>0\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
Đặt vế trái của BĐT cần chứng minh là P
Ta có: \(P=\dfrac{1}{x^2+2y^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{y^2+2z^2+3}+\dfrac{1}{z^2+2x^2+3}\)
\(P=\dfrac{1}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)+\left(y^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)+\left(z^2+1\right)+2}+\dfrac{1}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2xy+2y+2}+\dfrac{1}{2yz+2z+2}+\dfrac{1}{2zx+2x+2}\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{1}{yz+z+1}+\dfrac{1}{zx+x+1}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xyz}{yz+z+xyz}+\dfrac{y}{xyz+xy+y}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{xy+y+1}+\dfrac{xy}{y+1+xy}+\dfrac{y}{1+xy+y}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=1\) hay \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a,b\in N,a,b>0\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}>0\Rightarrow2\sqrt{ab}>0\)
\(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}>\sqrt{a+b}\Leftrightarrow a+b+2\sqrt{ab}>a+b\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{ab}>0\left(\text{luôn đúng}\right)\)
ta có đpcm
a,b thuộc N* nha bn zZz Phan Gia Huy zZz :v