cho a,b,c,d thỏa mãn a+b=c+d và \(a^2+b^2=c^2+d^2\)
Cmr \(a^{2012}+b^{2012}=c^{2012}+d^{2012}\)
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Có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\) . Có \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}\) ( Tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ) . Nên :
\(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}=\frac{a+b}{c+d}=\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{2012}=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^{2012}=\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^{2012}\left(1\right)\)
Mà \(\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{2012}=\left(\frac{c}{d}\right)^{2012}=\frac{a^{2012}}{b^{2012}}=\frac{c^{2012}}{d^{2012}}=\frac{a^{2012}+c^{2012}}{b^{2012}+d^{2012}}\left(2\right)\).( T/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau )
Từ \(\left(1\right)\left(2\right)\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^{2012}=\frac{a^{2012}+c^{2012}}{b^{2012}+d^{2012}}\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{c}{d}\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{c}=\dfrac{b}{d}=\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}\right)^{2012}=\dfrac{a^{2012}}{c^{2012}}=\dfrac{b^{2012}}{d^{2012}}=\dfrac{a^{2012}+b^{2012}}{c^{2012}+d^{2012}}\) (đpcm)
Giả thiết có: abc+bca+cda+dab = a+b+c+d+\(\sqrt{2012}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) (abc+bca+cda+dab-a-b-c-d)2 =2012
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[\left(abc-c\right)+\left(dab-d\right)+\left(bcd-b\right)+\left(cda-a\right)\right]^2\) = 2012
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[c\left(ab-1\right)+d\left(ab-1\right)+b\left(cd-1\right)+a\left(cd-1\right)\right]^2\) = 2012
\(\Leftrightarrow\) \(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(c+d\right)+\left(ab-1\right)\left(a+b\right)\right]^2\) = 2012
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhia cho 2 cặp số: (ab-1 ; a+b);(cd-1 ; c+d)
Ta có: \(\left[\left(ab-1\right)\left(c+d\right)+\left(ab-1\right)\left(a+b\right)\right]^2\) \(\le\) \(\left[\left(ab-1\right)^2+\left(a+b\right)^2\right]\left[\left(cd-1\right)^2+\left(c+d\right)^2\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2012 \(\le\) ( a2b2-2ab+1+a2+2ab+b2) (c2d2-2cd+1+c2+2cd+d2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2012\(\le\) ( a2b2 +a2+b2+1)(c2d2+c2+d2+1)
\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2012 \(\le\) (a2+1)(b2+1)(c2+1)(d2+1) (đpcm)
Áp dụng BĐT cô-si, ta có
\(a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge2\sqrt{a^2.\frac{1}{a^2}}=2\)
Tương tự, ta có \(a^2+b^2+c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}+\frac{1}{c^2}\ge6\)
dấu= xảy ra <=>\(a^2=b^2=c^2=1\)
=>\(a^{2012}=b^{2012}=c^{2012}=1\Rightarrow a^{2012}+b^{2012}+c^{2012}=3\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
^_^
a: Gọi hai số cần tìm là 2k;2k+2
Theo đề, ta có:
\(\left(2k+2\right)^3-8k^3=2012\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24k^2+24k+8=2012\)
\(\Leftrightarrow24k^2+24k-2004=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2k^2+2k-167=0\)
=>Sai đề rồi bạn, vì phương trình này ko có nghiệm nguyên
d: \(a^3+b=14\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)=14\)
=>ab=-1
\(a^2+b^2=\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab=2^2-2\cdot\left(-1\right)=4\)
\(\left(a^3+b^3\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)=56\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5+a^3b^2+a^2b^3+b^5=56\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5+b^5+a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)=56\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^5+b^5=54\)
Ta có : \(a^2+b^2=c^2+d^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-c^2=d^2-b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)=\left(d-b\right)\left(d+b\right)\)
Do \(a+b=c+d\Rightarrow a-c=d-b\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c\right)=\left(a-c\right)\left(d+b\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-c\right)\left(a+c-b-d\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-c=0=d-b\\a+c=b+d\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=c\\d=b\end{matrix}\right.\\a+c=b+d\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với a = c ; d = b \(\Rightarrow a^{2012}+b^{2012}=c^{2012}+d^{2012}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Với \(a+c=b+d\)
Mà \(a+b=c+d\)
\(\Rightarrow a+c+a+b=b+d+c+d\)
\(\Rightarrow2a=2d\Rightarrow a=d\Rightarrow a^{2012}=d^{2012}\left(1\right)\)
Lại có : \(a+c=b+d\)
\(\Rightarrow b=c\Rightarrow b^{2012}=c^{2012}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) ; ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow a^{2012}+b^{2012}=c^{2012}+d^{2012}\left(đpcm\right)\)