Tính số mol các ion có trong : a) 100ml dung dịch HNO3 0.25M b) 200ml dung dịch Ba(OH)2 0,15M c) 200ml dung dịch AL2(SO4)3 0.2M
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a) \(n_{NaOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\); \(n_{HNO_3}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(NaOH+HNO_3\rightarrow NaNO_3+H_2O\)
0,2.............0,1
Lập tỉ lệ : \(\dfrac{0,2}{1}>\dfrac{0,1}{1}\) => Sau phản ứng NaOH dư
Dung dịch D gồm NaNO3 và NaOH dư
\(n_{NaNO_3}=n_{HNO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(pứ\right)}=n_{HNO_3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{NaOH\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Ion trong dung dịch D : Na+ , NO3-, OH-
\(\left[Na^+\right]=\dfrac{0,1+0,1}{0,2}=1M\)
\(\left[NO_3^-\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(\left[OH^-\right]=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
b)Trong dung dịch D chỉ có NaOH dư phản ứng
\(2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,1................0,05
=> \(V_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,05}{1}=0,05\left(l\right)\)
Câu 1:
\(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{5,85}{58,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddNaCl}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
\(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{5,6}{56}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
\(n_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{11,1}{111}=0,1\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{ddCaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,1}=1M\)
Câu 2:
a,\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2.1,5=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
b,\(C\%_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2.36,5.100\%}{200}=3,65\%\)
\(C\%_{ddH_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,1.98.100\%}{200}=4,9\%\)
a, \(\left[Al^{3+}\right]=0,2.2=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=0,2.3=0,6\left(M\right)\)
b, \(\left[Mg^{2+}\right]=0,15.1=0,15\left(M\right)\)
\(\left[Cl^-\right]0,15.2=0,3\left(M\right)\)
a) \(m_{ddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=200\cdot1,2=240\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{240\cdot28,5}{100}=68,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2mol\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al^{3+}}=2n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,4mol\\n_{SO^{2-}_4}=0,6mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(n_{HCl}=0,1\cdot3=0,3mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{Cl^-}=0,3mol\)
\(n_{HNO_3}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow n_{NO^-_3}=0,1mol\)
\(\Sigma n_{H^+}=n_{HCl}+n_{HNO_3}=0,3+0,1=0,4mol\)
a, \(K_2SO_4\rightarrow2K^++SO_4^{2-}\)
___0,5_______1______0,5_ (mol)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[K^+\right]=\frac{1}{2}=0,5M\\\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\frac{0,5}{2}=0,25M\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, Ta có: \(n_{OH^-}=n_{K^+}=n_{KOH}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PT ion: \(OH^-+H^+\rightarrow H_2O\)
______0,2_____0,1_________ (mol)
⇒ OH- dư. ⇒ nOH- (dư) = 0,1 (mol)
Dd X gồm: K+; Cl- và OH-(dư).
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[K^+\right]=\frac{0,2}{0,3}=\frac{2}{3}M\\\left[Cl^-\right]=\frac{0,1}{0,3}=\frac{1}{3}M\\\left[OH^-\right]_{\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,1}{0,3}=\frac{1}{3}M\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,0005.0,5=0,00025\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=2.0,0005.0,5=0,0005\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Sigma n_{H^+}=n_{HNO_3}+n_{HCl}=1.0,1+1.0,05=0,15\left(mol\right)\\n_{NO_3^-}=n_{HNO_3}=1.0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{Cl^-}=n_{HCl}=1.0,05=0,05\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT ion: \(OH^-+H^+\rightarrow H_2O\)
____0,0005____0,15_________ (mol)
⇒ H+ dư. ⇒ nH+ (dư) = 0,1495 (mol)
Dd D gồm: Ba2+; NO3-; Cl- và H+(dư)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[Ba^{2+}\right]=\frac{0,00025}{1,0005}\approx2,5.10^{-4}M\\\left[NO_3^-\right]=\frac{0,1}{1,0005}\approx0,09M\\\left[Cl^-\right]=\frac{0,05}{1,0005}\approx0,049M\\\left[H^+\right]_{\left(dư\right)}=\frac{0,1495}{1,0005}\approx0,15M\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bạn tham khảo nhé!
Mà phần c số lẻ quá, không biết đề là 0,5 ml hay 0,5 lít bạn nhỉ?
a) Ta có: \(n_{HNO_3}=0,1\cdot0,25=0,025\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{NO_3^-}\)
b) Ta có: \(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Ba^{2+}}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,06\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2\cdot0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al^{3+}}=0,08\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)