Cho A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^2017. Chứng minh rằng A=2^2018 -1.
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Chữa đề \(\frac{2017}{4038}< A< \frac{2017}{2018}\)
Ta có: \(A< \frac{1}{1.2}+\frac{1}{2.3}+...+\frac{1}{2017.2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2017}-\frac{1}{2018}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A< 1-\frac{1}{2018}=\frac{2017}{2018}\)(1)
Lại có: \(A>\frac{1}{2.3}+\frac{1}{3.4}+...+\frac{1}{2018.2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}-\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow A>\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2019}=\frac{2017}{4038}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => đpcm
Câu 1
a) A=2018!.(2019 - 1 -2018)
=2018!.0
= 0
vậy A= 0
b)\(B=\left(1-\frac{1}{9}+1-\frac{2}{10}+1+\frac{3}{11}+...+1-\frac{150}{158}\right):\left(\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}+\frac{1}{11}+...+\frac{1}{158}\right)\right)\)
\(=\left(\frac{8}{9}+\frac{8}{10}+...+\frac{8}{158}\right):\left(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{158}\right)\right)\)
\(=8.\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{158}\right):\left(\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{9}+\frac{1}{10}+...+\frac{1}{158}\right)\right)\)
\(=8:\frac{1}{4}\)
=32
Vậy B= 32
2018 A = 2018 - 2018^2 + 2018^3 +...- 2018^2018 + 2018^2019
=> A + 2018 A = 1 +2018^2019
=> 2019 A = 1 + 2018^2019
=> 2019 A - 1 = 2018^2019
=> 2019 A -1 là 1 lũy thừa của 2018
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\right)-\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2^{2018}-1\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(A=1+2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2017}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{2018}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2018}\right)\)\(-\left(1+2+2^2+...+2^{2017}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=2^{2018}-1\)