P= [TEX]\frac{x+y}{x+t} [/TEX] + [TEX]\frac{y+z}{t+x} [/TEX] + [TEX]\frac{z+t}{x+y} [/TEX] + [TEX]\frac{t+x}{z+y} [/TEX]
Tìm giá trị P biết : [TEX]\frac{x}{y+z+t}=\frac{y}{x+z+t}=\frac{z}{x+y+t}= \frac{t}{x+y+z}[/TEX]
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((x+y)(x+z)\geq (x+\sqrt{yz})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)}.\frac{\sqrt{y+z}}{x}\geq \frac{(y+z)(x+\sqrt{yz})}{x}=y+z+\frac{\sqrt{yz}(y+z)}{x}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự :
\(\sqrt{(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)}.\frac{\sqrt{x+z}}{y}\geq x+z+\frac{\sqrt{xz}(x+z)}{y}\)
\(\sqrt{(x+y)(y+z)(x+z)}.\frac{\sqrt{x+y}}{z}\geq x+y+\frac{\sqrt{xy}(x+y)}{z}\)
Cộng theo vế:
\(T\geq 2(x+y+z)+\underbrace{\frac{(x+y)\sqrt{xy}}{z}+\frac{(y+z)\sqrt{yz}}{x}+\frac{(z+x)\sqrt{zx}}{y}}_{M}\)
Ta có:
\(M=\frac{(\sqrt{2}-z)\sqrt{xy}}{z}+\frac{(\sqrt{2}-x)\sqrt{yz}}{x}+\frac{(\sqrt{2}-y)\sqrt{xz}}{y}\)
\(=\sqrt{2}\left(\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{z}+\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{xz}}{y}\right)-(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz})\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(\frac{\sqrt{xy}}{z}+\frac{\sqrt{yz}}{x}+\frac{\sqrt{xz}}{y}\geq 3\sqrt[3]{\frac{xyz}{xyz}}=3\)
\(\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{xz}\leq \frac{x+y}{2}+\frac{y+z}{2}+\frac{z+x}{2}=x+y+z=\sqrt{2}\)
Do đó: \(M\geq 3\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{2}=2\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow T\geq 2(x+y+z)+M\geq 2\sqrt{2}+2\sqrt{2}=4\sqrt{2}\)
Vậy \(T_{\min}=4\sqrt{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Áp dụng BĐT bunyakovsky:
\(\sum\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}\ge\sum\dfrac{x^2}{\sqrt{2\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+y^2}=a\\\sqrt{y^2+z^2}=b\\\sqrt{z^2+x^2}=c\end{matrix}\right.\) thì có a+b+c=2016 và cần tìm Min của \(\sum\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2\sqrt{2}b}\) (\(x^2=\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2}\))
Ta có: \(\sum\dfrac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{2\sqrt{2}b}=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}.\left(\sum_{sym}\dfrac{a^2}{b}-\sum b\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy-schwarz:
\(\sum_{sym}\dfrac{a^2}{b}=\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{c^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}+\dfrac{a^2}{c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}\ge\dfrac{4\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
DO đó \(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(2\sum a-\sum a\right)=\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(a+b+c\right)=\dfrac{2016}{2\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{1008}{\sqrt{2}}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c hay \(x=y=z=\dfrac{672}{\sqrt{2}}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
TH1:x+y+z=0
=>\(\left\{\begin{matrix}y+z=-x\\x+z=-y\\x+y=-z\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x}{-x}=\frac{y}{-y}=\frac{z}{-z}=-1\)
TH2: x+y+z\(\ne\)0
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x+z+x+y}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy\(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{z+x}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{1}{2}\) hoặc \(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=-1\)
Giải:
+) Xét \(x+y+z=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y+z=-x\)
\(\Rightarrow x+z=-y\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y=-z\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}\)
\(=\frac{x}{-x}=\frac{y}{-y}=\frac{z}{-z}=-1\)
+) Xét \(x+y+z\ne0\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x+z+x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{2x+2y+2z}=\frac{x+y+z}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy \(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=-1\) hoặc \(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{1}{2}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{x}{y+z}=\frac{y}{x+z}=\frac{z}{x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x+z+x+y}=\frac{x+y+z}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
\(\frac{x}{y+z}\) = \(\frac{y}{x+z}\) = \(\frac{z}{x+y}\) = \(\frac{x+y+z}{y+z+x+z+x+y}\)
= \(\frac{x+y+z}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}\) = \(\frac{1}{2}\).
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=\frac{1}{x+y+z}\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+y}{xy}-\frac{x+y}{z\left(x+y+z\right)}=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)=0\)
<=> x=-y hoặc y=-z hoặc z=-x
=> B=0
( Các bước làm tóm tắt ):))