Cho x,y,z > 0 CMR
\(\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)^2}{y}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{z}\ge4\left(x+y+z\right)\)
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\(\hept{\begin{cases}x+z=a\\y+z=b\end{cases}}\); \(x-y=\left(x+z\right)-\left(y+z\right)=a-b\)
\(ab=1\Rightarrow b=\frac{1}{a}\)
\(A=VT=\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+a^2\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{\left(a^2-1\right)^2}+a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\)
\(t=a^2>0\)
\(A=\frac{t}{\left(t-1\right)^2}+t+\frac{1}{t}\)
\(A-4=\frac{\left(t^2-3t+1\right)^2}{t\left(t-1\right)^2}\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge4\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(t=a^2=\frac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=\sqrt{\frac{3\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=x+z=\sqrt{\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}}\\b=y+z=\sqrt{\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}}\end{cases}}\) và hoán vị còn lại
Hệ trên có vô số nghiệm, chẳng hạn
\(\hept{\begin{cases}z=\frac{1}{10}\\x=\sqrt{\frac{3+\sqrt{5}}{2}}-\frac{1}{10}\\y=\sqrt{\frac{3-\sqrt{5}}{2}}-\frac{1}{10}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy :
\(\frac{x^4}{y^2\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y^2}{2x}+\frac{x+z}{4}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^4\cdot y^2\cdot\left(x+z\right)}{y^2\cdot\left(x+z\right)\cdot2x\cdot4}}=3\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{8}}=\frac{3x}{2}\)
Tương tự ta cũng có :
\(\frac{y^4}{z^2\left(x+y\right)}+\frac{z^2}{2y}+\frac{x+y}{4}\ge\frac{3y}{2}\)
\(\frac{z^4}{x^2\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{x^2}{2z}+\frac{y+z}{4}\ge\frac{3z}{2}\)
Cộng theo vế ta được :
\(VT+\left(\frac{y^2}{2x}+\frac{z^2}{2y}+\frac{x^2}{2z}\right)+\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)}{4}\ge\frac{3x}{2}+\frac{3y}{2}+\frac{3z}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y^2}{x}+\frac{z^2}{y}+\frac{x^2}{z}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\frac{1}{2}\cdot\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\ge\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Ta đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+z=a\\y+z=b\end{cases}\Rightarrow ab=1}\)
\(BĐT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}\ge4\)
Ta có
\(\frac{1}{\left(a-b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{a^2}+\frac{1}{b^2}=\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}+a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2}+\left(a-\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+2\)
\(\ge2+2=4\)
Câu 1, Quy đồng mẫu của 2 về lấy MTC là (x-y)(y-z)(z-x).
Câu 2, Chỉ có thể xảy ra khi a+b+c=x+y+z=x/a+y/b+z/c=0
Ta có \(1+x^2=x^2+xy+yz+xz=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\)
Tương tự \(1+y^2=\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(1+z^2=\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
Thay vào A ta được
\(P=x\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)^2}+y\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)^2}+z\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
=2(xy+xz+yz)=2
\(b,VT=VP\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{xy+yz+zx+x^2}+\frac{y}{xy+yz+zx+y^2}+\frac{z}{xy+yz+zx+z^2}\)
\(=\frac{2xyz}{\sqrt{\left(xy+yz+zx+x^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx+y^2\right)\left(xy+yz+zx+z^2\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\frac{y}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\frac{z}{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2xyz}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\left(z+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x\left(y+z\right)+y\left(x+z\right)+z\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}=\frac{2xyz}{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xy+xz+xy+yz+xz+yz=2xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2=2xyz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow xyz=1\)
Đù =)))
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy schawrz dạng engel ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)^2}{y}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(y+z+x+z+x+y\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}=4\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Áp dụng BĐT cauchy schawrz dạng engel, ta có:
\(\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(x+z\right)^2}{y}+\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(y+z+x+z+x+y\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}=4\left(x+y+z\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)