chứng tỏ rằng A = 1+5+5^2+5^3+...+5^402+5^403+5^404 chia hết cho 31
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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
=(1+5+5^2)+...+5^402(1+5+5^2)
=31+...+5^402.31
=31(1+...+5^402) chia hết cho 31
\(1+5+5^2+...+5^{404}=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+\left(5^{400}+5^{401}+5^{402}\right)=31+31.5^3+...+31.5^{400}\)
\(=31\left(1+5^3+5^6+...+5^{400}\right)\)chia hết cho 31
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:\(1+5+5^2+\cdot\cdot\cdot+5^{404}\)
= \(\left(1+5+5^2\right)+\cdot\cdot\cdot+\left(5^{402}+5^{403}+5^{404}\right)\)
= \(\left(1+5+25\right)+\cdot\cdot\cdot+\left(5^{402}\cdot1+5^{402}\cdot5+5^{402}\cdot25\right)\)
= \(31+\cdot\cdot\cdot+\left(1+5+25\right)\cdot5^{402}\)
= \(31\cdot1+...+31\cdot5^{402}\)
= \(31\cdot\left(1+...+5^{402}\right)⋮31\)
Vậy tổng trên chia hết cho 31
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(\text{Đặt A=}1+5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{403}+5^{404}\)
\(=\left(1+5+5^2\right)+\left(5^3+5^4+5^5\right)+...+\left(5^{402}+5^{403}+5^{404}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+5+25\right)+5^3.\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{402}.\left(1+5+5^2\right)\)
\(=31+5^3.31+...+5^{402}.31\)
\(=31.\left(1+5^3+...+5^{402}\right)\text{chia hết cho 31}\)
=> A chia hết cho 31 => đpcm.
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ghép các số lại
1+5+5^2=31
5^3+5^4+5^5=5^3.(1+5+5^2)=5^3.31
Dễ r đung ko?
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(1+5+5^2+...+5^{404}\)
\(=5^3\left(1+5+5^2\right)+5^4\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{404}\left(1+5+5^2\right)\)
\(=\left(1+5+5^2\right)\left(5^3+5^4+...+5^{403}+5^{404}\right)\)
\(=31.\left(5^3+5^4+...+5^{403}+5^{404}\right)\)
Vậy tổng trên chia hết cho 31
1 + 5 + 52 + .... + 5404
= ( 1 + 5 ) + ( 52 + 53 ) + ... + ( 5403 + 5404 )
= 6 + 52 . ( 1 + 5 ) + ... + 5403 . ( 1 + 5 )
=6 + 52 . 6 + ... + 5403 . 6
= 6 . ( 1 + 52 + ... + 5403 )
= 3 . 2 . ( 1 + 52 + .... + 5403 ) chia hét cho 3
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
=> B=(1+5+52)+(53+54+55)+...........+(5402+5403+5404)
=> B= 1.(1+5+52)+53.(1+5+52)+.........+5402.(1+5+52)
=> B=1.31+53.31+...........+5402.31
=> B=31.(1+53+........+5402)
Vì 31 chia hết cho 31 => 31.(1+53+............+5402) chia hết cho 31
=> B chia hết cho 31 ĐPCM
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
c)D=4+42+43+44+...+42012
D=(4+42)+(43+44)+...+(42011+42012)
D=4.5+43.5+45.5+...+42011.5
D=5.(4+43+42011)
=>D chia hết cho 5
=>ĐPCM