hòa tan hết 3,65 gam khí HCl vào 200 gam nước
a) Tính nồng độ phần trăm dd thu được
b)Tính nồng độ mol dd HCl
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\(n_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{50}{250}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{27.8}{278}=0.1\left(mol\right)\)
\(C_{M_{CuSO_4}}=C_{M_{FeSO_4}}=\dfrac{0.1}{0.1964}=0.5\left(M\right)\)
\(m_{dd_A}=50+27.8+196.4=274.2\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot160}{274.2}\cdot100\%=6.47\%\)
\(C\%_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0.1\cdot152}{274.2}\cdot100\%=5.54\%\)
\(n_{CuSO_4.5H_2O}=\dfrac{50}{250}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{CuSO_4}=0,2.160=32\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,2.5.18=18\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{FeSO_4.7H_2O}=\dfrac{27,8}{278}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)=> \(m_{FeSO_4}=0,1.152=15,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,1.7.18=12,6\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{dd}=196,4+50+27,8=274,2\left(g\right)\)
\(V_{dd}=\dfrac{196,4+18+12,6}{1000}=0,227\left(l\right)\)
=> \(CM_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,227}=0,72M\)
\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{32}{274,2}.100=11,67\%\)
\(CM_{FeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,227}=0,44M\)
\(C\%_{CuSO_4}=\dfrac{15,2}{274,2}.100=5,54\%\)
a, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=0,15\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
b, \(n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
\(n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=0,2\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(a,n_{H_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
0,15 0,3 0,15 0,15
\(m_{Fe}=0,15.56=8,4\left(g\right)\)
\(a,n_{Na_2O}=\dfrac{6,2}{62}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH :
\(Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\)
0,1 0,1 0,2
\(C_{M\left(A\right)}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(M\right)\)
\(n_{K2O}=\dfrac{9,4}{94}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH|\)
1 1 2
0,1 0,2
a) \(n_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
200ml = 0,2l
\(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2}=1\left(M\right)\)
b) Pt : \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O|\)
1 1 1 1
0,1 0,1
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{1}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{3,65.100}{10}=36,5\left(g\right)\)
c) \(CO_2+2KOH\rightarrow K_2CO_3+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,05 0,1
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,1.1}{2}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{CO2\left(dktc\right)}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(l\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
$Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2$
$n_{ZnCl_2} = n_{Zn} = \dfrac{6,5}{65} = 0,1(mol)$
$m_{ZnCl_2} = 0,1.136 = 13,6(gam)$
b)
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{Zn} = 0,2(mol) \Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,2}{0,1} = 2M$
c)
CuO + H_2 \to Cu + H_2O$
$n_{CuO} = 0,125(mol) > n_{H_2} \to $ CuO$ dư
$n_{Cu} = n_{CuO\ pư} = n_{H_2} = 0,1(mol)$
$n_{CuO\ dư} = 0,125 - 0,1 = 0,025(mol)$
$\%m_{Cu} = \dfrac{0,1.64}{0,1.64 + 0,025.80}.100\% = 76,2\%$
$\%m_{CuO} = 23,8\%$
)
Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2
nZnCl2=nZn=6,565=0,1(mol)nZnCl2=nZn=6,565=0,1(mol)
mZnCl2=0,1.136=13,6(gam)mZnCl2=0,1.136=13,6(gam)
b)
nHCl=2nZn=0,2(mol)⇒CMHCl=0,20,1=2MnHCl=2nZn=0,2(mol)⇒CMHCl=0,20,1=2M
c)
CuO + H_2 \to Cu + H_2O$
nCuO=0,125(mol)>nH2→nCuO=0,125(mol)>nH2→ CuO$ dư
nCu=nCuO pư=nH2=0,1(mol)nCu=nCuO pư=nH2=0,1(mol)
nCuO dư=0,125−0,1=0,025(mol)nCuO dư=0,125−0,1=0,025(mol)
%mCu=0,1.640,1.64+0,025.80.100%=76,2%%mCu=0,1.640,1.64+0,025.80.100%=76,2%
%mCuO=23,8%
a) Gọi số mol Zn, Al là a,b (mol)
=> 65a + 27b = 9,2 (1)
\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
a---->2a-------------->a
2Al + 6HCl --> 2AlCl3 + 3H2
b----->3b--------------->1,5b
=> a + 1,5b = 0,25 (2)
(1)(2) => a = 0,1 (mol); b = 0,1 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{0,1.65}{9,2}.100\%=70,65\%\\\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,1.27}{9,2}.100\%=29,35\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) nHCl = 2a + 3b = 0,5 (mol)
=> \(C\%_{dd.HCl}=\dfrac{0,5.36,5}{200}.100\%=9,125\%\)
mH2SO4= \(\dfrac{300.7,35}{100}=22,05g\)
nH2SO4= \(\dfrac{22,05}{98}=0,225 mol\)
mHCl= \(\dfrac{200.7,3}{100}=14,6g\)
nHCl= \(\dfrac{14,6}{36,5}=0,4mol\)
H2SO4 + 2HCl → 2H2O + Cl2 ↑+ SO2 ↑
n trước pư 0,225 0,4
n pư 0,2 ← 0,4 → 0,4 → 0,2 → 0,2 mol
n sau pư dư 0,025 hết
a) mCl2= 0,2. 71= 14,2g
mSO2= 64. 0,2= 12,8g
mH2O= 18. 0,4=7,2g
mdd sau pư= 300 +200 -14,2 -12,8= 473g
C%dd H2O= \(\dfrac{7,2.100}{473}=1,52\)%
b) Mg + 2H2O → Mg(OH)2 + H2 ↑
x → 2x → x → x
Fe + 2H2O → Fe(OH)2 + H2↑
y → 2y → y → y
Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Mg,Fe.
Ta có hệ phương trình:
24x + 56y = 8,7 x= \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)
⇒
2x + 2y = 0,4 y= \(\dfrac{39}{320}\)
VH2= 22,4. \((\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320})\)= 4,48l
mhh MG(OH)2, Fe(OH)2= 8,7 +250 - 2.(\(\dfrac{5}{64}+\dfrac{39}{320}\)) = 2258,3g
mMg=24. \(\dfrac{5}{64}\)=1.875g
mFe= 8,7-1,875= 6,825g
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{36,5}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ C_{M\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{6,9}{23}=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ m_{HCl}=200.3,65\%=7,3\left(g\right)\\ n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7,3}{36,5}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2Na+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+H_2\uparrow\\ LTL:0,3>0,2\Rightarrow Na.dư\)
Theo pt: nH2 = 2nHCl = 2.0,2 = 0,4 (mol)
VH2 = 0,4.22,4 = 8,96 (l)
Theo pt: nNaCl = nNa (phản ứng) = nHCl = 0,2 (mol)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\\m_{Na\left(dư\right)}=\left(0,3-0,2\right).23=2,3\left(g\right)\\m_{H_2}=0,4.2=0,8\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(m_{dd}=200+6,9-2,3-0,8=203,8\left(g\right)\)
=> C%NaCl = \(\dfrac{11,7}{203,8}=5,74\%\)
a) \(C\%_{HCl}=\dfrac{3,65}{3,65+200}.100\%=1,79\%\)