chứng minh vô nghiệm : x^4 - 2x^3 + 4x^2 - 3x +2=0
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1. x\(^4\)-x\(^3\)+2x\(^2\)-x+1=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x^4-x^3+x^2) +(x^2-x+1)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)x^2(x^2-x+1) +(x^2-x+1)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(x^2-x+1)(x^2+1)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\([\)(x^2-x+1/4)+3/4\(]\)(x^2+1)=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\([\)(x-1/2)\(^2\)+3/4\(]\)(x^2+1)=0
VÌ (x-1/2)\(^2\)+3/4>0\(\forall\)x
x^2+1>0\(\forall\)x
\(\Rightarrow\)Phương trình đã cho vô nghiệm
1)x^4 - x^3 + 2x^2 - x + 1 = 0
(x^4 + 2x^2 +1) - (x^3+x)= 0
x^4 + 2x^2 + 1 = x^3 - x
(x^2 + 1)^2 = x(x^2 + 1)
(x^2+1)(x^2+1) = x(x^2 + 1)
(x^2+1)(x^2+1) = x(x^2 + 1)
x^2+1 = x (vô lí)
==> PT vô nghiệm
\(\text{CM vô nghiệm}\)
\(\text{a) }\left(x-2\right)^3=\left(x-2\right).\left(x^2+2x+4\right)-6\left(x-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8=x^3-8-6\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-8=x^3-8-6x^2+12x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-6x^2+12x-x^3+6x-12x=-8+8-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0x=-6\text{ (vô lí)}\)
\(\text{Vậy }S=\varnothing\)
\(\text{b) }4x^2-12x+10=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2=-1\text{ (vô lí)}\)
\(\text{Vậy }S=\varnothing\)
\(\text{CM vô số nghiệm}\)
\(\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)^3-3x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-3x\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+1-3x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\text{ (luôn luôn đúng)}\)
\(\text{Vậy }S\inℝ\)
a) \(x^4-x^3+2x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3+x^2+x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)+\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+1=0\left(ktm\right)\\x^2-x+1=0=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Phương trình vô nghiệm (ĐPCM)
b) \(x^4-2x^3+4x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^4-x^3+x^2-x^3+x^2-x+2x^2-2x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2-x+1=0\\x^2-x+2=0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\\\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)Phương trình vô nghiệm (ĐPCM)
Ta có:
\(VT=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)\)
\(pt\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)=0\)
Mà:
\(x^2+1>0\)
\(x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}>0\)
\(x^2-x+2=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}>0\)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
a, \(x^4-2x^3+4x^2-3x+2=x^4-x^3+x^2-x^3+x^2-x+2x^2-2x+2\)
\(=x^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2\left(x^2-x+1\right)=\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{3}{4}\right)\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{7}{4}\right)=\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\left[\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{7}{4}\right]>0\) (dpdcm)
b, \(x^6+x^5+x^4+x^2+x+1=x^4\left(x^2+x+1\right)+\left(x^2+x+1\right)=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^4+1\right)=\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\right]\left(x^4+1\right)>0\) (đpcm)
anh ơi, vậy là sai đề hả anh, chứ đề kêu chứng minh phương trình vô nghiệm mà em thấy anh ghi x=2
Ví dụ cho bạn một bài, còn lại tương tự.
a)Ta có: \(3x^4-5x^3+8x^2-5x+3\)
\(=3x^2\left(x-\frac{5}{6}\right)^2+\frac{71}{12}\left(x-\frac{30}{71}\right)^2+\frac{138}{71}>0\)
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.
a) \(x^4-x^3+2x^2-x+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+x^2\right)-\left(x^3+x\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(x^2+1\right)-x\left(x^2+1\right)+\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2+1=0\left(ktm\right)\\x^2-x+1=\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}=0\left(ktm\right)\end{cases}}\)
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm (ĐPCM)
b) \(x^4-2x^3+4x^2-3x+2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4-2x^3+x^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(x^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(x^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)=0\)
Có : \(\left(x^2-x\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(x^2+\frac{3}{4}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-x\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(x^2+\frac{3}{4}\right)\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Vậy phương trình vô nghiệm.(ĐPCM)
x^4-2x^3+4x^2-3x+2=0
⇔ x^4-2x^3+x^2+3x^2-3x+2=0
⇔ (x^4-2x^3+x^2) + 3(x^2-x+1/4) + 5/4=0
⇔ (x^2-x)^2 + 3(x-1/2)^2 + 5/4=0
(vì (x^2-x)^2 ≥ 0 với mọi x
⇒ (x^2-x)^2 + 3(x-1/2)^2 + 5/4 > 0 với mọi x
⇒ Phương trinh trên vô nghiệm