Cho 0 < x < 1 tìm GTNN của biểu thức B = \(\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}\)
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\(P=\dfrac{4}{x}+1+\dfrac{9}{1-x}=\dfrac{4}{x}+25x+25\left(1-x\right)+\dfrac{9}{1-x}-24\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{4}{x}.25x}+2\sqrt{25\left(1-x\right).\dfrac{9}{1-x}}-24\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge20+30-24=26\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=26\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{x}=25x\\25\left(1-x\right)=\dfrac{9}{1-x}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)
\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)
Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được
\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)
2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)
Dấu"=" khi a = 4b
nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)
Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được
\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)
nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)
khi đó a + b = 1
mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
Câu 1:
\(A=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\dfrac{3}{x}=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\left(\dfrac{3}{x}-1\right)+1=\dfrac{81x}{3-x}+\dfrac{3-x}{x}+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{81x}{3-x}.\dfrac{3-x}{x}}+1=18+1=19\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 0,3
Câu 2:
\(\dfrac{1}{3x-2\sqrt{6x}+5}=\dfrac{1}{\left(3x-2\sqrt{6x}+2\right)+3}=\dfrac{1}{\left(x\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{2}\right)^2+3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=\sqrt{\dfrac{2}{3}}\)
Câu 3:
\(A=2014\sqrt{x}+2015\sqrt{1-x}=2014\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\right)+\sqrt{1-x}\)
Ta có: \(\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{1-x}\right)^2=x+1-x+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}=1+2\sqrt{x\left(1-x\right)}\ge1\)
=> \(A=2014\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{1-x}\right)+\sqrt{1-x}\ge2014+\sqrt{1-x}\ge2014\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 1
\(\left(\sqrt{1-x}.\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{1-x}}+\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\le\left(1-x+x\right)\left(B\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B\ge\left(\sqrt{3}+2\right)^2=7+4\sqrt{3}\)
Bmin = 7+4can 3
khi\(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{1-x}=\dfrac{2}{x}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}+2}\)
\(a,P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2+\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{2-\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}}=\dfrac{-2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}=\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\\ P=-\dfrac{3}{5}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ \Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x}+6=10\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{4}{3}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{16}{9}\left(tm\right)\)
\(P=-\dfrac{3}{5}\) sao suy ra đc \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=\dfrac{3}{5}\) thế
\(A=\dfrac{18}{2-x}+\dfrac{2}{x}-9=2\left(\dfrac{9}{2-x}+\dfrac{1}{x}\right)-9=2M-9\)
Bunhiacopsky
\(\left(\sqrt{2-x}.\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{2-x}}+\sqrt{x}.\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2\le\left(2-x+x\right)\left(\dfrac{18}{2-x}+\dfrac{2}{x}\right)\)
\(M\ge\dfrac{16}{2}=8\)
\(B\ge2.8-9=7\)
B min =7 khi \(\dfrac{18}{2-x}=\dfrac{2}{x}\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{5}\)
\(A=\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}=\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+1-x-1+x\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+\left(1-x\right)+\left(x-1\right)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô si với 4 số dương : \(\dfrac{3}{1-x};\dfrac{4}{x};1-x;x>0\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+1-x+x}{4}\ge\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+1-x+x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+1-x+x\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{1-x}+\dfrac{4}{x}+1-x+x}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\dfrac{3}{1-x}=\dfrac{4}{x}=1-x=1\)
Vậy.....
Cậu coi thử đúng không chứ mình mới học BĐT cách đây 2 tiếng thôi nên không biết đúng hay sai .
Thông cảm !