tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức: x-3x2 -2/3
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\(E=-4x^2+x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}\right)+1\)
\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}+\dfrac{1}{64}\right)+1+\dfrac{1}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\)
mà \(-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\le\dfrac{17}{16}\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(E\right)=\dfrac{17}{16}\left(tạix=\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\)
\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}\right)+6\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)+6+\dfrac{25}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\)
mà \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\le\dfrac{97}{12}\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(F\right)=\dfrac{97}{12}\left(tạix=\dfrac{5}{6}\right)\)
\(C=-3x^2+12x-7=-3\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12-7=-3\left(x-2\right)^2+5\le5\)
\(maxC=5\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(C=-3\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+5=-3\left(x+2\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Bài 1:
Ta thấy: $(x+\frac{1}{2})^2\geq 0$ với mọi $x\in\mathbb{R}$
$\Rightarrow (x+\frac{1}{2})^2+\frac{5}{4}\geq \frac{5}{4}$
Vậy gtnn của biểu thức là $\frac{5}{4}$
Giá trị này đạt tại $x+\frac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\frac{1}{2}$
Bài 2:
$x+y-3=0\Rightarrow x+y=3$
\(M=x^2(x+y)-(x+y)x^2-y(x+y)+4y+x+2019\)
\(=-3y+4y+x+2019=x+y+2019=3+2019=2022\)
Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:
a) Ta có:
\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)
\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)
\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)
\(M=2\cdot\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2,5\right]\)
\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)
Mà: \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên:
\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(2\left(x+1\right)^2+5=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy: \(M_{min}=5\) khi \(x=-1\)
b) Ta có:
\(N=x^2-x+1\)
\(N=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Mà: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên \(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=" xảy ra:
\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức
a) Ta có:
\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)
\(E=-\left(4x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(E=-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)
\(E=-\left[\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)
Mà: \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\ge\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\) nên
\(\Rightarrow E=-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
Vậy: \(E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)
b) Ta có:
\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)
\(F=-3x^2+5x-6\)
\(F=-\left(3x^2-5x-6\right)\)
\(F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{3}x-2\right)\)
\(F=-3\left[\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{97}{36}\right]\)
\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\)
Mà: \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\) nên:
\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\le\dfrac{97}{36}\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}=\dfrac{97}{36}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Vậy: \(F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{36}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)