Cho a, b, c là ba độ dài 3 cạnh của tam giác:
CMR \(\frac{4a}{b+c-a}+\frac{9b}{a+c-b}+\frac{16c}{a+b-c}\ge26\)
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đề sai ở mẫu cuối nhé
đặt b + c - a = x ; a + c - b = y ; a + b - c = z
\(\Rightarrow a=\frac{y+z}{2};b=\frac{x+z}{2};c=\frac{x+y}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{2y}+\frac{8\left(x+y\right)}{z}=\frac{2y}{x}+\frac{9x}{2y}+\frac{2z}{x}+\frac{8x}{z}+\frac{9z}{2y}+\frac{8y}{z}\)
\(\ge6+8+12=26\)
Cho a,b,c là độ dài 3 cạnh tam giác
Tìm min:
\(M=\frac{4a}{b+c-a}+\frac{9b}{a+c-b}+\frac{16c}{a+b-c}\)
đặt \(b+c-a=x;a+c-b=y;a+b-c=z\)
=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=\frac{y+z}{2}\\b=\frac{z+x}{2}\\c=\frac{x+y}{2}\end{cases}}\)
nên \(M=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(z+x\right)}{y}+\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{9z}{y}+\frac{9x}{y}+\frac{16x}{z}+\frac{16y}{z}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cô si ta có
\(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{9x}{y}\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{4y.9x}{xy}}=12\)
\(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{16x}{z}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4z.16x}{xz}}=2.8=16\)
\(\frac{16y}{z}+\frac{9z}{y}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{16y.9z}{yz}}=2.12=24\)
cộng vào ta có
\(M\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(12+16+24\right)=26\)
=> \(M\ge26\)
CÁCH KHÁC NÈ MỌI NGƯỜI !!!!!!
\(M+14,5=\frac{4a}{b+c-a}+2+\frac{9b}{a+c-b}+4,5+\frac{16c}{a+b-c}+8\)
=> \(M+14,5=\frac{4a+2\left(b+c-a\right)}{b+c-a}+\frac{9b+4,5\left(a+c-b\right)}{a+c-b}+\frac{16c+8\left(a+b-c\right)}{a+b-c}\)
=> \(M+14,5=\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{b+c-a}+\frac{4,5\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+c-b}+\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b-c}\)
=> \(M+14,5=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{2}{b+c-a}+\frac{4,5}{a+c-b}+\frac{8}{a+b-c}\right)\)
=> \(M+14,5\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{4,5}+\sqrt{8}\right)^2}{a+b-c+b+c-a+c+a-b}\) (BĐT CAUCHY - SCHWARZ)
=> \(M+14,5\ge\frac{a+b+c}{a+b+c}.40,5\)
=> \(M+14,5\ge40,5\)
=> \(M\ge40,5-14,5=26\)
VẬY GIÁ TRỊ NHỎ NHẤT CỦA M LÀ 26.
b+c-a > 0
a + c - b > 0
a + b - c > 0
Đặt b + c - a = x ; a + c - b = y ; a + b - c = z
=> x + y / 2 = c
y+z/2 = a
x+z/2 = b
Khi đó , P = \(\frac{4\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{2}}{x}+\frac{9\frac{x+z}{2}}{y}+\frac{16\frac{x+y}{2}}{z}\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}\right]\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{9x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{16x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{9z}{y}+\frac{16y}{z}\right)\right]\)
Tới đây dễ rồi nha , áp dụng bđt cô - si nha anh
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c-a=x\\c+a-b=y\\a+b-c=z\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\left(x,y,z>0\right)\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=2c\\y+z=2a\\x+z=2b\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thì ta có: \(\dfrac{2\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\dfrac{9\left(x+z\right)}{2y}+\dfrac{8\left(x+y\right)}{z}\ge26\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(VT=\dfrac{2\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\dfrac{9\left(x+z\right)}{2y}+\dfrac{8\left(x+y\right)}{z}\)
\(=\dfrac{2y}{x}+\dfrac{2z}{x}+\dfrac{9x}{2y}+\dfrac{9z}{2y}+\dfrac{8x}{z}+\dfrac{8y}{z}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{2y}{x}+\dfrac{9x}{2y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{2z}{x}+\dfrac{8x}{z}\right)+\left(\dfrac{9z}{2y}+\dfrac{8y}{z}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2y}{x}\cdot\dfrac{9x}{2y}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{2z}{x}\cdot\dfrac{8x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{9z}{2y}\cdot\dfrac{8y}{z}}\)
\(\ge6+8+12=26=VP\)
Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}b+c-a=x\\a+c-b=y\\a+b-c=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=\frac{y+z}{2}\\b=\frac{x+z}{2}\\c=\frac{x+y}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(P=\frac{2\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{2y}+\frac{8\left(x+y\right)}{z}\)
\(P=\left(\frac{2y}{x}+\frac{9x}{2y}\right)+\left(\frac{2z}{x}+\frac{8x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{9z}{2y}+\frac{8y}{z}\right)\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\frac{18xy}{2xy}}+2\sqrt{\frac{16xz}{xz}}+2\sqrt{\frac{72yz}{2yz}}=26\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\frac{2y}{3}=\frac{z}{2}\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c-a=2x\\c+a-b=2y\\a+b-c=2z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=y+z\\b=x+z\\c=x+y\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}.\left(\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{9x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{16x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{9z}{y}+\frac{16y}{z}\right)\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}.\left(2.2.3+2.2.4+2.3.4\right)=26\)
Đặt \(b+c-a=2x,c+a-b=2y,a+b-c=2z\to x,y,z>0\) v
à thỏa mãn \(a=y+z,b=z+x,c=x+y.\) Đặt \(S=2VT\) (hai lần vế trái của bất đẳng thức) thì ta có
\(S=\frac{4\left(y+z\right)}{x}+\frac{9\left(x+z\right)}{y}+\frac{16\left(x+y\right)}{z}=\left(\frac{4y}{x}+\frac{9x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{4z}{x}+\frac{16x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{9z}{y}+\frac{16y}{z}\right)\)
Theo bất đẳng thức Cô-Si ta được
\(S\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4y}{x}\cdot\frac{9x}{y}}+2\sqrt{\frac{4z}{x}\cdot\frac{16x}{z}}+2\sqrt{\frac{9z}{y}\cdot\frac{16y}{z}}=2\cdot6+2\cdot8+2\cdot12=2\cdot26=52.\)
Suy ra \(VT=\frac{S}{2}\ge\frac{52}{2}=26\). (ĐPCM)