cho: x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx tinh A= (1+x/y) .(1+y/z) .(1+z/x)
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Ta có : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)^3=-\frac{1}{z^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+3\cdot\frac{1}{xy}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)+\frac{1}{z^3}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}=-3\cdot\frac{1}{xy}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\right)=-3\cdot\frac{1}{xy}\cdot\left(-\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{3}{xyz}\)
Khi đó có : \(P=\frac{yz}{x^2}+\frac{zx}{y^2}+\frac{xy}{z^2}=xyz.\left(\frac{1}{x^3}+\frac{1}{y^3}+\frac{1}{z^3}\right)=xyz\cdot\frac{3}{xyz}=3\)
GT \(\Leftrightarrow xy+yz+zx=0\). Khi đó: \(\left(xy\right)^3+\left(yz\right)^3+\left(zx\right)^3=3.xy.yz.zx=3x^2y^2z^2\).
Do đó: \(P=\frac{\left(xy\right)^3+\left(yz\right)^3+\left(zx\right)^3}{x^2y^2z^2}=3\)
Ta có: \(\left(xy+2016z\right)\left(yz+2016z\right)\left(zx+2016y\right)\\ =\left(xy+\left(x+y+z\right)z\right)\left(yz+\left(x+y+z\right)x\right)\left(zx+\left(x+y+z\right)y\right)\\ =\left(xy+zx+zy+z^2\right)\left(yz+x^2+xy+xz\right)\left(zx+xỹ+y^2+yz\right)\\ =\left(y+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(x+z\right)\left(y+x\right)\left(z+y\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ =\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)^2\left(z+x\right)^2\\ \Rightarrow\frac{\left(xy+2016z\right)\left(yz+2016z\right)\left(zx+2016y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(y+z\right)^2\left(z+x\right)^2}\\ =\frac{\left(y+z\right)^2\left(x+y\right)^2\left(z+x\right)^2}{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(y+z\right)^2\left(z+x\right)^2}\\ =1\)
Có \(VT=\dfrac{x^2}{x^3-xyz+2013x}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^3-xyz+2013y}+\dfrac{z^2}{z^3-xyz+2013z}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)\left[x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\right]+2013\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2-\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
(vì \(2013=3.671=3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\))
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{x+y+z}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\)
ĐTXR \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{x^2-yz+2013}=\dfrac{1}{y^2-zx+2013}=\dfrac{1}{z^2-xy+2013}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-yz=y^2-zx=z^2-xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\) (với \(x,y,z>0\))
Vậy ta có đpcm.
\(A=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x^2-xy+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{y^2-yz+z^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{z^2-zx+x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x-y\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y-z\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z-x\right)^2+\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(y^2+z^2\right)}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{\frac{1}{2}\left(z^2+x^2\right)}}\)
\(\le\frac{2}{x+y}+\frac{2}{y+z}+\frac{2}{z+x}\le\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}=1\)
\(x^2+y^2+z^2=xy+yz+zx\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2zx=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}x-y=0\\y-z=0\\z-x=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y=z\)
\(A=\left(1+\frac{x}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{y}{z}\right)\left(1+\frac{z}{x}\right)=\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)\left(1+1\right)=8\)