cho>1.tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất
A=4x+25/x-1
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\(a,\) Đặt \(A=\dfrac{3x^2-2x+3}{x^2+1}\Leftrightarrow Ax^2+A=3x^2-2x+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(A-3\right)-2x+A-3=0\)
Coi đây là PT bậc 2 ẩn x, PT có nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta=4-4\left(A-3\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(A-3\right)^2\le1\Leftrightarrow2\le A\le4\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2-2x+3}{x^2+1}=4\Leftrightarrow x=...\)
\(b,\) Đặt \(B=\dfrac{3x^2-4x+4}{x^2+2}\Leftrightarrow Bx^2+2B=3x^2-4x+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(B-3\right)+4x+2B-4=0\)
Coi đây là PT bậc 2 ẩn x, PT có nghiệm
\(\Leftrightarrow\Delta=16-8\left(B-2\right)\left(B-3\right)\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(B-2\right)\left(B-3\right)\le2\\ \Leftrightarrow B^2-5B+4\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(B-1\right)\left(B-4\right)\le0\\ \Leftrightarrow1\le B\le4\)
Vậy\(B_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3x^2-4x+4}{x^2+2}=4\Leftrightarrow x=...\)
a) x2 +x +1 = x2 + x + 1/4 + 3/4 =(x+1/2)2 + 3/4
=> GTNN a) =3/4 khi x=-1/2
b) 4x2 +4x -5 = 4x2 + 4x +1 -6 = (2x+1)2-6
=> GTNN b) = -6 khi x=-1/2
c) (x-3)(x+5) +4 = x2+2x -11 = x2+2x +1-12=(x+1)2-12
GTNN c) =12 khi x=-1
d) x2-4x+y2-8y+6=x2-4x+4+y2-8y+16-14=(x-2)2+(y-4)2-14
GTNN d) =-14 khi x=2 , y=4
\(a,=\left(x^2+x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}=\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(4x^2+4x+1\right)-6=\left(2x+1\right)^2-6\ge-6\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(c,=x^2+2x-15+4=\left(x+1\right)^2-12\ge-12\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
\(d,=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-14=\left(x-2\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-14\ge-14\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
a) \(A=4x^2-4x+23\)
\(A=4x^2-4x+1+22\)
\(A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+22\)
Mà: \(\left(2x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2x-1\right)^2+22\ge22\forall x\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(2x-1=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2x=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: \(A_{min}=22\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
b) \(B=25x^2+y^2+10x-4y+2\)
\(B=25x^2+10x+1+y^2-4y+4-3\)
\(B=\left(5x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\)
Mà: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(5x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(5x+1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\forall x,y\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x+1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}5x=-1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy: \(B_{min}=-3\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{1}{5}\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(\left|x+4\right|\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x+4\right|+1996\ge1996\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-4
\(a,=-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-3=-\left(x-1\right)^2-3\le-3\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(b,=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+4=-\left(x+2\right)^2+4\le4\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
\(c,=-\left(9x^2-24x+16\right)-2=-\left(3x-4\right)^2-2\le-2\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4}{3}\)
\(d,=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+3=-\left(x-2\right)^2+3\le3\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(A=4\left(x-1\right)+\dfrac{25}{x-1}+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{100\left(x-1\right)}{x-1}}+4=24\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
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Lời giải:
a)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((y-2x)^2\leq (16y^2+36x^2)(\frac{1}{16}+\frac{1}{9})=9.\frac{25}{144}\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{-5}{4}\leq y-2x\leq \frac{5}{4}\Rightarrow \frac{15}{4}\leq y-2x+5\leq \frac{25}{4}\)
Vậy $A_{\min}=\frac{15}{4}$ và $A_{\max}=\frac{25}{4}$
b)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((2x-y)^2\leq (\frac{x^2}{4}+\frac{y^2}{9})(16+9)=25\)
\(\Rightarrow -5\leq 2x-y\leq 5\Leftrightarrow -7\leq 2x-y-2\leq 3\)
Vậy $B_{min}=-7; B_{\max}=3$