A=1/61+1/62+1/63+.....+1/100
CTR:A<9/20
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a) Ta có:
S = 1/5 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63
Ta thấy:
1/13 < 1/12 ; 1/14 < 1/12 ; 1/15 < 1/12
=> 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 < 1/12 + 1/12 + 1/12 = 1/12 . 3 = 1/4 (1)
1/61 < 1/60 ; 1/62 < 1/60 ; 1/63 < 1/60
=> 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/60 + 1/60 + 1/60 = 1/60. 3 = 1/20 (2)
Từ (1) và (2)
=> 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/4 + 1/20
=>S = 1/5 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/61 + 1/62 + 1/63 < 1/4 + 1/20 + 1/5 = 5/20 + 1/20 + 4/20 = 10/20 = 1/2 (ĐPCM)
b) Ta có:
\(P=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(2P=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}\)
\(2P-P=1+\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}-\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{19}}-\frac{1}{2^{19}}-\frac{1}{2^{20}}\)
\(P=1-\frac{1}{2^{20}}< 1\)
=> P < 1
Ta có: \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\left(\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}\right)\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{15}.3+\frac{1}{63}.3\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{21}\)
\(A=\frac{47}{105}\)
Mà: \(\frac{47}{105}< \frac{47}{94}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Nên \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}+\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+\frac{1}{63}< \frac{1}{2}\)
vi 1/62>1/80 ;1/62>1/80:...:1/80=0/80
suy ra 1/61+1/62+1/63+...+1/80>1/80+1/80+1/80+...+1/80
moi ve co 20 so hang
gọi đó là A đi.
Ta có:
1/13+1/14+1/14< 1/12+1/12+1/12=3/12=1/4
1/61+1/62+1/63< 1/60+1/60+1/60=3/60=1/20
=> 1/5+1/13+1/14+1/15+1/61+1/62+1/63<1/5+1/4+1/20=1/2
=>A< 1/2 (ĐPCM)
Vì \(\frac{1}{13}+\frac{1}{14}+\frac{1}{15}<\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{12}=\frac{3}{12}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\frac{1}{61}+\frac{1}{62}+...+\frac{1}{66}<\frac{1}{60}+\frac{1}{60}+...+\frac{1}{60}=\frac{6}{60}=\frac{1}{10}\)
=> A < \(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{10}=\frac{41}{60}<\frac{45}{60}=\frac{3}{4}\)điều phải c/m