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\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)
VT : (a + b + c)2 + a2 + b2 + c2
= a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab +2bc + 2ac + a2 + b2 + c2
= ( a2 + 2ab + b2 ) + (b2 + 2bc + c2) + ( a2 + 2ac + c2)
= (a + b)2 + (b + c)2 + (a + c)2 = VP
Vậy \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2\)(đpcm)
#)Giải :
a) Để C/m a và b là hai số đối nhau => a + b = 0
Ta có : \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2-a^2-2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0a\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
\(\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2-2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-2a^2-2b^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-a^2+2ab-b^2\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(a-b\right)^2\le0\) ( dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ a=b )
a) \(x^2+y^2=x^2+y^2+2xy-2xy=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
b) \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)=\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a^2-b^2\right)=a^2+2ab+b^2-a^2+b^2\)
\(=2ab+2b^2=2b\left(a+b\right)\)
c)\(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left(a+b+a-b\right)\)
\(=2b.2a=4ab\)
a: \(\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2-2xy\)
\(=x^2+y^2\)
b: \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-a+b\right)\)
\(=2b\left(a+b\right)\)
c: \(\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b-a+b\right)\left(a+b+a-b\right)\)
\(=4ab\)
Ta có: VP = \(a\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+b\left(c^2-2ac+a^2\right)+c\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)\)
= \(ab^2+ac^2+bc^2+ba^2+ca^2+cb^2-6abc\)(1)
\(VT=\left(ab+b^2+ac+bc\right)\left(c+a\right)-8abc\)
\(=abc+b^2c+ac^2+bc^2+a^2b+b^2a+a^2c+abc-8abc\)
= \(ab^2+ac^2+bc^2+ba^2+ca^2+cb^2-6abc\)(2)
Từ (1) ; (2) => VT = VP
Vậy đẳng thức luôn đúng.
Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
\(\left(2+a+b\right)\left(a+4b+ab\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{2ab}\cdot3\sqrt[3]{4a^2b^2}=9\sqrt[3]{8a^3b^3}=9\cdot2ab=18ab\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b=2\\a=4b=ab\end{matrix}\right.\left(\text{vô lí}\right)\)
Vậy dấu \("="\) ko xảy ra hay \(\left(2+a+b\right)\left(a+4b+ab\right)>18ab\)
Ta có: \(\sin \left( {a + b} \right)\sin \left( {a - b} \right) = \left( {\sin a\cos b + \cos a\sin b} \right).\left( {\sin a\cos b - \cos a\sin b} \right)\)
\( = {\left( {\sin a\cos b} \right)^2} - {\left( {\cos a\sin b} \right)^2} = {\sin ^2}a\left( {1 - {{\sin }^2}b} \right) - \left( {1 - {{\sin }^2}a} \right){\sin ^2}b\)
\({\sin ^2}a - {\sin ^2}b = {\cos ^2}b\left( {1 - {{\cos }^2}a} \right) - {\cos ^2}a\left( {1 - {{\cos }^2}b} \right) = {\cos ^2}b - {\cos ^2}a\;\) (đpcm)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(a^{10}b^2+b^{10}a^2\ge a^8b^4+b^8a^4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^8+b^8\ge a^6b^2+b^6a^2\) (Do \(a^2b^2\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^6-b^6\right)\left(a^2-b^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-b^2\right)^2\left(a^4+a^2b^2+b^4\right)\ge0\) (luôn đúng).
Vậy ta có đpcm.
VT =\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
=\(\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2+2ca+a^2\right)\)
=\(\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(b+c\right)^2+\left(c+a\right)^2=VP\)
=> đpcm
a. \(2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2=a^2+b^2-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2=-2ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b=0\Leftrightarrow a=-b\) (đpcm)
b. \(a^2+b^2+c^2+3=2\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+3-2a-2b-2c=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2a+1\right)+\left(b^2-2b+1\right)+\left(c^2-2c+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2+\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
Vì \(\left(a-1\right)^2;\left(b-1\right)^2;\left(c-1\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-1\right)^2=\left(b-1\right)^2=\left(c-1\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a-1=b-1=c-1=0\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
c. \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)+\left(c^2-2ca+a^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Tương tự câu b ta có a = b = c