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Câu hỏi của kudo shinichi - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath
\(A=x-4-2\sqrt{x-4}+1+6=\left(\sqrt{x-4}-1\right)^2+6\ge6\)
dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(\sqrt{x-4}=1\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
\(B=\sqrt{3\left(x-2\right)^2+4}+\sqrt{\left(x^2-4\right)^2+1}\ge\sqrt{4}+\sqrt{1}=3\)
Dấu \(=\)xảy ra khi \(x=2\)
a: \(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
=>\(x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
=>\(x^3-x^2-4x^2+4x+4x-4=0\)
=>\(x^2\left(x-1\right)-4x\left(x-1\right)+4\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\\left(x-2\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
2: \(x^3+3x^2=x+6\)
=>\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
=>\(x^3+2x^2+x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(x^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)+x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x^2+x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1+\sqrt{13}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-1-\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
3: ĐKXĐ: x>=0
\(2x+3\sqrt{x}=1\)
=>\(2x+3\sqrt{x}-1=0\)
=>\(x+\dfrac{3}{2}\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+2\cdot\sqrt{x}\cdot\dfrac{3}{4}+\dfrac{9}{16}-\dfrac{17}{16}=0\)
=>\(\left(\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^2=\dfrac{17}{16}\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=-\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\\\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(nhận\right)\\\sqrt{x}=\dfrac{-\sqrt{17}-3}{4}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(x=\dfrac{13-3\sqrt{17}}{8}\left(nhận\right)\)
4: \(x^4+4x^2+1=3x^3+3x\)
=>\(x^4-3x^3+4x^2-3x+1=0\)
=>\(x^4-x^3-2x^3+2x^2+2x^2-2x-x+1=0\)
=>\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-2x^2\left(x-1\right)+2x\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-2x^2+2x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-x^2+x+x-1\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-1\right)^2\cdot\left(x^2-x+1\right)=0\)
=>(x-1)^2=0
=>x-1=0
=>x=1
a.
\(x^3+8x=5x^2+4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-5x^2+8x-4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-4x^2+4x\right)-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-2\right)^2-\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(x^3+3x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3+x^2-3x\right)+\left(2x^2+2x-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x^2+x-3\right)+2\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2+x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
a
ĐK: \(x\ge1\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)
\(PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x-2x+2}=\sqrt{x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)}=\sqrt{x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)}=\sqrt{x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-2}-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=0\\\sqrt{x-2}=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(nhận\right)\\x=3\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
b
ĐK: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2-4x+4>0\\4x^2-4x+9>0\end{matrix}\right.\)
PT \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(2x-3\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-2\right|=\left|2x-3\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=2x-3\\x-2=3-2x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\left(nhận\right)\\x=\dfrac{5}{3}\left(nhận\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
a/ \(\left(x-2\right)^2=11+6\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=\left(3+\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=3+\sqrt{2}\\x-2=-3-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5+\sqrt{2}\\x=-1-\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ \(x^2-10x+25=27-10\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)^2=\left(5-\sqrt{2}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-5=5-\sqrt{2}\\x-5=\sqrt{2}-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=10-\sqrt{2}\\x=\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c/ \(4x^2+4x+1=28-10\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+1\right)^2=\left(5-\sqrt{3}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=5-\sqrt{3}\\2x+1=\sqrt{3}-5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{4-\sqrt{3}}{2}\\x=\frac{-6+\sqrt{3}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
d/ \(x^2+2\sqrt{5}x+5=21-4\sqrt{5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\sqrt{5}\right)^2=\left(2\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+\sqrt{5}=2\sqrt{5}-1\\x+\sqrt{5}=1-2\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\sqrt{5}-1\\x=1-3\sqrt{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
e/ \(x^2+2\sqrt{12}x+12=13-4\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\sqrt{3}\right)^2=\left(2\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}-1\\x+2\sqrt{3}=1-2\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\x=1-4\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
f/ \(4x^2-12\sqrt{2}x+18=51-10\sqrt{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\sqrt{2}\right)^2=\left(5\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-5\sqrt{2}=5\sqrt{2}-1\\2x-2\sqrt{2}=1-5\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{10\sqrt{2}-1}{2}\\x=\frac{1-3\sqrt{2}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
+) Tính giá trị của x2 + 4x - 1 tại x = -2 + \(\sqrt{5}\)
=> (-2 + \(\sqrt{5}\)) 2 + 4.(-2 + \(\sqrt{5}\)) - 1 = 4 - 4\(\sqrt{5}\) + 5 - 8 + 4\(\sqrt{5}\) - 1 = 0
Vậy x2 + 4x - 1 = 0 tại x = -2 + \(\sqrt{5}\)
+) A = 3x3.(x2 + 4x - 1 ) - 5x3 - 23x2 - 7x + 1
= 3x3.(x2 + 4x - 1 ) - 5x.(x2 + 4x - 1) - 3x2 - 12x + 1
= (3x3 - 5x).(x2 + 4x - 1 ) - 3.(x2 + 4x -1) - 2 = (3x3 - 5x - 3).(x2 + 4x - 1 ) - 2
Vậy tại x = - 2 + \(\sqrt{5}\) thì A = - 2
+) A = (3x3 - 5x - 3).(x2 + 4x - 1 ) - 2 chia cho (x2 + 4x - 1 ) dư - 2