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\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,464}{22,4}=0,11mol\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al:x\left(mol\right)\\Fe:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow Muối\left\{{}\begin{matrix}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\\FeSO_4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}BTe:3x+2y=2n_{H_2}=0,22\\\dfrac{x}{2}\cdot342+y\cdot152=14,44\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,04mol\\y=0,05mol\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=0,04\cdot27=1,08g\\m_{Fe}=0,05\cdot56=2,8g\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3BaCl_2\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3BaSO_4\downarrow\)
0,02 0,06
\(FeSO_4+BaCl_2\rightarrow BaSO_4\downarrow+FeCl_2\)
0,05 0,05
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{\downarrow}=0,06+0,05=0,11\Rightarrow m_{BaSO_4}=x=25,63g\)
\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{12,32}{22,4}=0,55mol\)
\(2Fe+6H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O+3SO_2\uparrow\)
x 3x 0,5x 3x 1,5x
\(2Ag+2H_2SO_4\rightarrow2H_2O+SO_2\uparrow+Ag_2SO_4\)
y y y 0,5y 0,5y
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1,5x+0,5y=0,55\\56x+108y=38,4\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,3\\y=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a)\(\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot56}{38,4}\cdot100\%=43,75\%\)
\(\%m_{Ag}=100\%-43,75\%=56,25\%\)
b)\(m_{muối}=m_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}+m_{Ag_2SO_4}\)
\(\Rightarrow muối=0,5\cdot0,3\cdot400+0,5\cdot0,2\cdot312=91,2g\)
c)Cho hỗn hợp trên tác dụng \(H_2SO_4\) loãng chỉ có Fe tác dụng.
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,3 0,3 0,3
\(C_{M_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,2}=1,5M\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,3\cdot22,4=6,72l\)
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{58,4.15\%}{36,5}=0,24\left(mol\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)FeCl_2+H_2\\ n_{Fe}=n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,24}{2}=0,12\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V1=V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,12.22,4=2,688\left(l\right)\\ x=m_{Cu}=m_{hhA}-m_{Fe}=15,68-0,12.56=8,96\left(g\right)\\ b,n_{Cu}=\dfrac{8,96}{64}=0,14\left(mol\right)\\ 2Fe+3Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2FeCl_3\\ Cu+Cl_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)CuCl_2\\ n_{Cl_2}=\dfrac{3}{2}.n_{Fe}+n_{Cu}=\dfrac{3}{2}.0,12+0,14=0,32\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V2=V_{Cl_2\left(đktc\right)}=0,32.22,4=7,168\left(l\right)\\ y=m_{muối}=m_{AlCl_3}+m_{CuCl_2}=0,12.133,5+0,14.135=34,92\left(g\right)\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
\(CuO+H_2SO_4\rightarrow CuSO_4+H_2O\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{CuO}=35.2-0.2\cdot56=24\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{24}{80}=0.3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{11.2}{35.2}\cdot100\%=31.82\%\)
\(\%CuO=100-31.82=68.18\%\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0.2+0.3=0.5\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{H_2SO_4}=0.5\cdot98=49\left(g\right)\)
\(C\%H_2SO_4=\dfrac{49}{800}\cdot100\%=6.125\%\)
\(m_{FeSO_4}=0.2\cdot152=30.4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{CuSO_4}=0.3\cdot160=48\left(g\right)\)
Rắn không tan là Ag
mAg = 10,8 (g)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Fe + H2SO4 --> FeSO4 + H2
0,1<---0,1--------------->0,1
=> V = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
mFe = 0,1.56 = 5,6 (g)
m = mFe + mAg = 5,6 + 10,8 = 16,4 (g)
Chất rắn không tan chính là \(Ag\) có khối lượng \(m=10,8g\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot1=0,1mol\)
\(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\)
0,1 0,1 0,1
\(\Rightarrow m_{Fe}=0,1\cdot56=5,6g\)
\(m_{hh}=m_{Fe}+m_{Ag}=5,6+10,8=16,4g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24l\)
Gọi : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al_2O_3}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{Zn}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 102a + 65b = 2,505(1)
\(Al_2O_3 + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2O\\ Zn + 2HCl \to ZnCl_2 + H_2\)
Muối gồm : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:2a\left(mol\right)\\ZnCl_2:b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)⇒ 133,5.2a + 136b = 6,045(2)
Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,015 ; b = 0,015
Vậy :
\(\%m_{Al_2O_3} = \dfrac{0,015.102}{2,505}.100\% = 61,08\%\\ \%m_{Zn} = 100\% - 61,08\% = 38,92\%\)
Theo PTHH : \(n_{HCl} = 6a + 2b = 0,12(mol)\\ \Rightarrow C\%_{HCl} = \dfrac{0,12.36,5}{200}.100\% = 2,19\%\)
a, Gọi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Zn}=a\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCO_3}=b\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{hhkhí\left(H_2,CO_2\right)}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
Zn + H2SO4 ---> ZnSO4 + H2
a a a
MgCO3 + H2SO4 ---> MgSO4 + CO2 + H2O
b b b
Hệ pt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=0,2\\161a+84b=28,1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\left(mol\right)\\b=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Zn}=0,1.65=6,5\left(g\right)\\m_{MgCO_3}=0,1.84-8,4\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\ \rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{6,5+8,4}=43,62\%\\\%m_{MgCO_3}=100\%-43,62\%=56,38\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
b, \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{0,336}{22,4}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH:
2Na + H2SO4 ---> Na2SO4 + H2
0,03 0,015 0,015
\(\rightarrow m_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=7,26-0,015.142=5,13\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow n_{Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{5,13}{342}=0,015\left(mol\right)\)
Al2O3 + 3H2SO4 ---> Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
0,015 0,015
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Na}=0,03.23=0,69\left(g\right)\\m_{Al_2O_3}=0,015.102=1,53\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{0,69}{0,69+1,53}=31,08\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=100\%-31,08\%=68,92\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
c, Thiếu \(d_{H_2SO_4}\)