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An express train (travel) travelled at 90 miles per hour on the main line from London to Manchester last night when it (derail) was derailed by a tree which (lie) lied on the line. Fortunately, no one was killed (kill), although 20 passengers (take) were taken to hospital because they (suffer) suffered from minor injuries.
You ________will meet______________ (meet) Agent 205 under the clock at the railway station. When she ________arrives_________ (arrive), she...will have... (have) an envelope to give you.Before she ...gives...(give) it to you,she ..will ask...(ask) you for the secret code.The secret code is ''jaguar''.Take the envelope and go in to the station. WHen the train..comes..(come),get on it and go to Waterloo station.As soon as you...reach...(reach) Waterloo,take a taxi to the opera house.By the time you ..get...(get) there,Jenny ....will be......(be) there.Give her the envelope.Wait until she...drives.....(drive) off and then go home. We ...will call....(call) you there. If you..think.. (think) someone is following you at any time, stop and go home. We ..will contact...(contact) you.DO you have any question?
Wikipedia is an encyclopaedia that is available on the Internet and what people love about it is that it can be edited by absolutely everybody . When and how did it start ? It was founded in 2001 by a guy called Jimmy Wales . It started as a fancy idea , a kind of a hobby and everybody is surprised how popular it has become and how many computer scientists it has attracted . It has got a collection of about 1.8 mln articals , the majority of which are in English ; however , one can find some articles in over 200 languages . If it aws a business , it would earn lots of money .
How is it possible that articlest hat can be changed by anyone are correct ? The Wikipedia is based on wikis – a special software which lets everyone modify a wbpage and it is true that anyone can change the information on the page if they think it is incorrect . But , the Wikipedia has a team of over 13,000 people who are experts in different fields and who correct any accurate information sent by people . Is it error – free ? One may say so . Rcently , for example , the Bristish journal Nature looked at the scientific information in Wikipedia and confirmed it was very reliable and that they did not find many errors . It was very good news for the founder as well as for all the users .
Why is it becoming so popular ? Like the whole idea of the Internet , it is also quick and available to everyone . The greatest thing of all is that it is free . Some people also stress that it’s fun to be able to add what you know to the information on the net . IT specialists believe it has a bright future and most claim it is the most brilliant invention ever .
Questions :
1. Wikipedia ___________ :
A. was created by a team of computer scientists .
B. began as a business idea
C. became popular as soon as it started
D. started as one man ‘s passion .
2. Articles in Wikipedia are ________ :
A. mostly about science
B. mostly in english
C. translate into 200 languages
D. very interesting
3. Wikipedia remains accurate as much as possible because _________ :
A. all people who write for it are experts
B. it has a special type of software programme
C. there are people who monitor it for mistakes
D. not everybody can change the information
4. the text comes from __________________ :
A. a leaflet
B. a speech
C. a magazine
D. a scientific article
5. The best advantages of Wikipedia is that...........
A. you don't have to pay for it.
B. everyone can use it
C. it is created bu ordinary people
D. is quick and reliable.
Over the past 600 years, English has grown from a language of (56)_________ speakers to become the dominant language of international communication. English as we know it today (57)_______ around 1350, after having incorporated many elements of French that were introduced following the Norman (58)______ of 1066. Until the 1600s, English was, for the most part, spoken only in England and had not (59)______ even as far as Wales, Scotland, or Ireland. (60)________, during the course of the next two centuries, English began to spread around the globe as a result of exploration, trade (including slave trade), colonization, and missionary (61)________. Thus small enclaves of English speakers became establish work and grew in (62)________ parts of the world. As these communities proliferated, English gradually became the primary language of international business, banking, and diplomacy. Currently, about 80 percent of the information stored (63)________ computer systems worldwide is in English. Two (64)________ of the world’s science writing is in English, and English is the main language of technology, advertising, media, international airports, and air traffic controllers. Today there (65)________ more than 700 million English users in the world.
56. A. a few B. few C. some D. a lot
57. A. hailed B. frequented C. emerged D. engaged
58. A. invader B. invasion C. invade D. invasive
59. A. experienced B. conferred C. stretched D. extended
60. A. Therefore B. However C. So D. but
61. A. work B. job C. employment D. career
62. A. various B. variety C. varying D. varied
63. A. in B. on C. into D. onto
64. A. third B. thirds C. threes D. three
65. A. have been B. has been C. is D. are
III. Read the following passage and choose the option that indicates the correct answer to each of the following questions. (10 points)
My lawyer, Mr. Turner, is the only man I know who has seen a ghost. He is a quiet even-tempered man whose life is spent in dealing with facts. He is the last person in the world to give way to fantasy. He has a wife and two children of whom he is proud, takes a modest holiday abroad every year and spends his Sundays gardening. He is knowledgeable about art and architecture, though he doesn’t pretend to be an expert by any means. It is, therefore, all the more surprising that he should be so insistent about the ghost. It happened, so he says, like this: He was travelling from London to the north of England by train. It was a misty November evening and the train was half empty. In fact, for the first part of the journey Mr. Turner had the carriage to himself and sat dozing over a newspaper. However, at the first stop a passenger jumped in, slamming the door behind him. He seemed out of his breath as if he had been running. He was a striking looking young man with dark, bushy hair and bright intelligent eyes. He was dressed rather oddly in a long waistcoat with silver buttons, tight trousers and embroidered waistcoat. Mr. Turner didn’t pay much attention to this because people wear all sorts of extravagant clothes these days and he had long grown accustomed to them. Presently, the two men got into conversation, as people do on long journeys. Mr. Turner was interested to discover that the young man was very knowledgeable about art – in particular portraits. His name, he said, was Joseph Hart, and he was on his way to visit an exhibition. It seemed that he worked in a famous London Art Gallery – a picture restorer, perhaps, thought Mr. Turner, he seemed to know a great deal about varnishes and paints, and even more about the subjects of certain portraits. When Mr. Turner asked his opinion of the portrait of a famous judge by an artist he admired, his companion laughed and said: “He’s only a reproduction – a good one I agree but you can’t talk to a reproduction”. He spoke as though the person in the portrait were still living. After a while the carriage got hot and steamy and Mr. Turner dropped off. He woke up just as the train was drawing up at a junction with a grinding of brakes. His companion had disappeared. A few days later, having returned to London, Mr. Turner found himself near the Art Gallery. Moved by some impulse, he went in and inquired for Joseph Hart. The attendant directed him to a room devoted to early nineteenth century portraits of well-known men. There was no one in the room and Mr. Turner looked around him. Without knowing quite how he had got there, he found himself standing in front of a full-length portrait of a young dark man in tight trousers and an embroidered waistcoat. The eyes smiled at him with a hint of amusement. The name-plate at the foot of the picture read: Joseph Hart, Gentleman, 1800-1835.
66. What kind of person was Mr. Turner?
A. Imaginative B. Fantastic C. Sensible D. Insensitive
67. Although he was a lawyer, Mr. Turner_________.
A. pretended to know a lot about art. B. knew something about art C. pretended to take interest in art. D. intended to learn more about art.
68. When the passenger entered Mr. Turner’s department, ________.
A. he was panting B. he was running C. the train was just training D. the carriage was half-empty.
69. The passenger’s clothes didn’t seem strange to Mr. Turner because ________.
A. he was used to wearing strange clothes. B. he liked people who wore strange clothes
C. everyone he knew wore strange clothes. D. he had seen a lot of people in strange clothes
61. Mr. Turner thought the young man might _______.
A. be an art dealer B. be an art expert C. renew old pictures D. paint reproductions of old pictures
62. Why wouldn’t the young man give an opinion on the portrait of the judge?
A. The judge wasn’t alive. B. The judge was still alive. C. The picture was a copy. D. He hadn’t seen it.
63. When did Mr. Turner first realize that the passenger had gone?
A. When the train started. B. After the train had stopped.
C. Just before the train stopped. D. When the train was leaving the station.
64. Why did Mr. Turner go into the Art Gallery?
A. He was walking past there. B. He had never been there before.
C. He has planned to do so D. He suddenly decided to.
65. In the part of the Gallery that Mr. Turner was directed to, ________.
A. there were a lot of pictures of unknown people B. there were a lot of nineteenth century people
C. no one else was looking at the pictures D. he only saw one portrait
66. When Mr. Turner looked the portrait of Joseph Hart, _______.
A. he smiled at it B. he thought it smiled at him C. he didn’t recognize it D. he was amused
In the United States, it is important to be on time , or punctual , for an appointment , a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered the difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12. On the first day , when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness．Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation：at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively．He gave them an example and asked them how they would react, If they had a lunch appointment with a friend，the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time，On the other hand．the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes．
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour．In contrast, in Brazil，neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour．Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States，but also end at the scheduled time．In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12：00；many remained past 12：30 to discuss the class and ask more questions．While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil , neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact , Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
In the United States, it is important to be on time , or punctual , for an appointment , a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered the difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12. On the first day , when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10:30 A.M. Two students came after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness．Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students’ behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness in both an informal and a formal situation：at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively．He gave them an example and asked them how they would react, If they had a lunch appointment with a friend，the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time，On the other hand．the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes．
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour．In contrast, in Brazil，neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour．Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States，but also end at the scheduled time．In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at 12：00；many remained past 12：30 to discuss the class and ask more questions．While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil , neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact , Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
As a result of his study, the professor learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him. Instead, they were simply behaving in the appropriate way for a Brazilian student in Brazil. Eventually, the professor was able to adapt his own behavior so that he could feel comfortable in the new culture.
A. True/False Statements:
1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived
late. F
2. All the students in the class were on time.F
3. The professor decided to study the behavior
of Brazilian and American students.T
4. In an American university, it is important to be
on time.T
5. In a Brazilian class, the students leave
immediately after the class is finished.F
6. In an American university, many students probably
leave immediately after the class is finished.T
7. Most North Americans think a person who is late
is disrespectful.T
8. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to
be on time.F
9. As a result of the study, the professor changed
the Brazilian students’ behavior.F
A. True/False Statements:
1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived late. False
2. All the students in the class were on time. False
3. The professor decided to study the behaviour of Brazilian and American students. True
4. In an American university, it is important to be on time. True
5. In a Brazilian class, the students leave
immediately after the class is finished. False
6. In an American university, many students probably leave immediately after the class is finished. True
7. Most North Americans think a person who is late is disrespectful. True
8. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to be on time. False
9. As a result of the study, the professor changed the Brazilian students’ behaviour. False
Fill each of the numbered blanks in the following passages. Use only ONE word for each space
Many people dream of (1)..living... in a foreign country. It can be an amazing experience (2)...for.... those who have the courage to leave their family and friends and settle down in a new place. (3)....however..., there's one potential problem you should be aware of: culture shock. Culture shock is the feeling we get from living in a place that is so different to where we grew up that we are not sure (4)...how.... to deal with it. Societies are organized in many different ways, and we can often (5)...be... taken aback by some of the things we find in foreign countries. Customs and traditions can be very different and that can sometimes make (6).it..... difficult to get on with local people and to make friends. They migt not approve of things you do or might object to things you say. You might even be banned from doing things in another country that are perfectly legal in your own. (7)...if... you were to move to a country such as Singapore, say, you might find some of the laws very (8)...quickly.. There, people can be forced to pay a large fine just for dropping litter. Eventually, (9)..though..., most people who live abroad fall in love with their adopted country and learn to accept its differences. It does take real courage to make such a big change (10)...in.. your life, but many people agree that it is worth it in the end
Twenty-eight people (injure) ……WERE INJURED… after a train which (carry) ……WAS CARRYING…... workers on a one-day holiday (hit) ……HIT…… the buffers of Blackpool North Station yesterday. When interviewed, British Rail (say) ……SAID…... “The train (travel) ……WAS TRAVELLING……. at only eight kilometers per hours as it (enter) ……WAS ENTERING…. The station and for some reason (fail) ……FAILED…..(stop) …TO STOP……..An inquiry (hold) ……WILL BE HELD… as soon as possible.”
Those who (hurt) ……WERE HURTED….. fortunately (suffer) …SUFFERED…….only shock and minor injuries.
Twenty-eight people (injure) …were injured…… after a train which (carry) …was carrying……... workers on a one-day holiday (hit) ……hit…… the buffers of Blackpool North Station yesterday. When interviewed, British Rail (say) …said……... “The train (travel) ……was traveling……. at only eight kilometers per hours as it (enter) ……entered…. The station and for some reason (fail) …failed……..(stop) ……to stop…..An inquiry (hold) …will be held…… as soon as possible.”
Those who (hurt) …are hurt …….. fortunately (suffer) …suffer…….only shock and minor injuries.