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Câu 16:
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,25\cdot1,5=0,375\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{KOH}=\dfrac{0,375}{2}=0,1875\left(l\right)\\C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,375}{0,1875+0,25}\approx0,86\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 18:
PTHH: \(2KOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\)
a) Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{200\cdot14,7\%}{98}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{KOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,6\cdot56}{5,6\%}=600\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{600}{10,45}\approx57,42\left(ml\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH: \(n_{K_2SO_4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow C\%_{K_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,3\cdot174}{600+200}\cdot100\%=6,525\%\)
a) nH2SO4 = 0,2 . 1 = 0,2 mol
H2SO4 + 2NaOH -> Na2SO4 + 2H2O
0,2 0,4
mNaOH = 0,4 . 40 = 16g
mddNaOH = \(\frac{16.100\%}{20\%}=80g\)
b) 2KOH + H2SO4 -> K2SO4 + 2H2O
0,4 <---------- 0,2
=> mKOH = 0,4 . 56 = 22,4 g
mddKOH = \(\frac{22,4.100\%}{5,6\%}=400g\)
VddKOH = \(\frac{400}{1,045}=383ml\)
\(n_{Na_2SO_3}=\dfrac{12,6}{126}=0,1mol\)
\(Na_2SO_3+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+SO_2+H_2O\)
a) \(n_{SO_2}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow V=2,24l\)
b) \(n_{H_2SO_4}=n_{Na_2SO_3}=0,1mol\) \(\Rightarrow C_M=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5M\)
c) \(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,1\cdot142=14,2g\)
\(n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.1=0,3\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,2=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
a
\(Ca\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+2H_2O\)
0,02<------0,04----->0,02
Xét \(\dfrac{0,3}{1}>\dfrac{0,04}{2}\Rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2.dư\)
\(m_{CaCl_2}=0,02.111=2,22\left(g\right)\)
b
Muốn pứ xảy ra hoàn toàn phải thêm dung dịch HCl 0,2 M
\(n_{HCl.cần}=2n_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl.cần.thêm}=0,6-0,04=0,56\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{cần.\left(HCl\right)}=\dfrac{0,56}{0,2}=2,8\left(l\right)=280\left(ml\right)\\ V_{cần.thêm\left(HCl\right)}=280-200=80\left(ml\right)\)
c
\(CM_{CaCl_2}=\dfrac{0,02}{0,3+0,28}=\dfrac{1}{29}M\)
a) \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Zn + 2HCl --> ZnCl2 + H2
_____0,1-->0,2----->0,1----->0,1
=> VH2 = 0,1.22,4 = 2,24 (l)
b) \(V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,5}=0,4\left(l\right)\)
c) \(C_{M\left(ZnCl_2\right)}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2M\)
PTHH: \(H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO+2H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2\cdot1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{KOH}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{K_2SO_4}=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{0,4\cdot56}{6\%}}{1,048}\approx356,2\left(ml\right)\\C_{M_{K_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{0,2}{0,2+0,3562}\approx0,36\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{H_2SO_4}=1.0,2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ H_2SO_4+2KOH\rightarrow K_2SO_4+2H_2O\\ 0,2.........0,4........0,2.......0,2\left(mol\right)\\ a.m_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{0,4.56.100}{6}=\dfrac{1120}{3}\left(g\right)\\ V_{ddKOH}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1120}{3}}{1,048}=\dfrac{140000}{393}\left(ml\right)\approx0,356\left(l\right)\)
\(b.C_{MddK_2SO_4}=\dfrac{0,2}{\dfrac{140000}{393}+0,2}\approx0,00056\left(M\right)\)
Bài1
a) Ca(OH)2 +2HCl--->CaCl2 +2H2O
n\(_{C_{ }a\left(OH\right)2}=0,2.1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo pthh
n\(_{CaCl2}=n_{Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{CaCl2}=0,2.111=22,2\left(g\right)\)
b)Theo pthh
n\(_{HCl}=2n_{_{ }Ca\left(OH\right)2}=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
m\(_{HCl}=0,4.36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
m\(_{ddHCl}=\frac{14,6}{14,6}.100=100\left(g\right)\)
V\(_{HCl}=100.1,2=120ml=0,12l\)
c) C\(_{M\left(CaCl2\right)}=\frac{0,2}{0,12}=1,67M\)