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a. \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\dfrac{12}{24}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
- Mol theo PTHH : \(1:2:1:1\)
- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,5\rightarrow1\rightarrow0,5\rightarrow0,5\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
b. Từ a. \(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n_{HCl}.M_{HCl}=1.\left(1+35,5\right)=36,5\left(g\right)\)
c. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{V_{O_2}}{22,4}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(PTHH:2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)
- Mol theo PTHH : \(2:1:2\)
- Mol theo phản ứng : \(0,6\leftarrow0,3\rightarrow0,6\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{H_2O}=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,6.\left(2+16\right)=10,8\left(g\right)\)
Zn+2HCl->Zncl2+H2
0,4----0,8----0,4----0,4
n Zn=0,4 mol
VH2=0,4.22,4=8,96l
m ZnCl2=0,4.136=54,4g
2H2+O2-to>2H2O
0,4------0,2----0,4
n O2=0,2 mol
=>pứ hết
=>m H2O=0,4.18=7,2g
a.b.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{26}{65}=0,4mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 ( mol )
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,4.136=54,4g\)
\(V_{H_2}=0,4.22,4=8,96l\)
c.\(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{4,48}{22,4}=0,2mol\)
\(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)2H_2O\)
0,4 = 0,2 ( mol )
0,4 0,2 0,4 ( mol )
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4.18=7,2g\)
a) \(PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
b) \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{4,8}{24}=0,2mol\)
\(n_{HCl}=2.n_{Mg}=0,2.2=0,4mol\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=n.M=0,4.36,5=14,6g\)
c) \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,2mol\)
Thể tích khí hidro sinh ra (ở đktc):
\(V_{H_2}=0,2.24,79=4,958l.\)
a.b.c.\(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{16,25}{65}=0,25mol\)
\(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\)
0,25 0,25 0,25 ( mol )
\(V_{H_2}=0,25.22,4=5,6l\)
\(m_{ZnCl_2}=0,25.136=34g\)
d.\(CuO+H_2\rightarrow\left(t^o\right)Cu+H_2O\)
0,25 0,25 ( mol )
\(m_{Cu}=0,25.64=16g\)
mMg = 3.6/24 = 0.15 (mol)
2Mg + O2 -to-> 2MgO
0.15__0.075____0.15
mMgO= 0.15*40 = 6 (g)
VO2 = 0.075*22.4 = 1.68 (l)
2KClO3 -to-> 2KCl + 3O2
0.05_______________0.075
mKClO3 = 0.05*122.5 = 6.125 (g)
PTHH: \(2Mg+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2MgO\)
a+b) Ta có: \(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{3,6}{24}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{O_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgO}=0,15\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}V_{O_2}=0,075\cdot22,4=1,68\left(l\right)\\m_{MgO}=0,15\cdot40=6\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) PTHH: \(2KClO_3\xrightarrow[MnO_2]{t^o}2KCl+3O_2\uparrow\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{KClO_3}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{KClO_3}=0,05\cdot122,5=6,125\left(g\right)\)
a) Ta có:
nMg= \(\frac{m_{Mg}}{M_{Mg}}=\frac{6}{24}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Mg + 2HCl -> MgCl2 + H2 (1)
PTHH: 2H2 + O2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2H2O (2)
b) Theo các PTHH và đề bài , ta có:
\(n_{H_2}\)= nMg= 0,25 (mol)
Thể tích khí H2 thu được (đktc):
=> \(V_{H_2\left(đktc\right)}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}.22,4=0,25.22,4=5,6\left(l\right)\)
c) Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
Mà, ta lại có: \(n_{H_2O\left(2\right)}=n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(m_{H_2O\left(2\right)}=n_{H_2O\left(2\right)}.M_{H_2O}=0,25.18=4,5\left(g\right)\)
cảm ơn nhìu