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![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có: \(\overrightarrow{MB}=3\overrightarrow{MC}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MB}=3\left(\overrightarrow{MB}+\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{MB}=3\overrightarrow{MB}+3\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\Rightarrow-\overrightarrow{MB}=3\overrightarrow{BC}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\). Mà \(\overrightarrow{BC}=\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\) nên \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\overrightarrow{AC}-\overrightarrow{AB}\right)\)
Theo quy tắc 3 điểm, ta có
\(\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BM}\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}-\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}\)
\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{AM}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{AB}+\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{AC}\) hay \(\overrightarrow{AM}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\overrightarrow{u}+\dfrac{3}{2}\overrightarrow{v}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có M B → = 1 3 M C → ⇔ 3 M B → = M C → ⇔ 3 B M → = C M →
A M → = A B → + B M → ⇒ 3 A M → = 3 A B → + 3 B M → ( 1 ) A M → = A C → + C M → ( 2 )
Lấy (1) trừ (2) ta được :
2 A M → = 3 A B → + 3 B M → − A C → + C M → = 3 A B → − A C → + ( 3 B M → − C M → ) = 3 A B → − A C → + 0 → = 3 A B → − A C → ⇒ A M → = 3 2 A B → − 1 2 A C → = 3 2 u → − 1 2 v →
Đáp án A
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có:
Theo quy tắc ba điểm ta có:
Lấy (1) trừ 3 lần (2) ta được:
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Tham khảo:
a) M thuộc cạnh BC nên vectơ \(\overrightarrow {MB} \) và \(\overrightarrow {MC} \) ngược hướng với nhau.
Lại có: MB = 3 MC \( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {MB} = - 3.\overrightarrow {MC} \)
b) Ta có: \(\overrightarrow {AM} = \overrightarrow {AB} + \overrightarrow {BM} \)
Mà \(BM = \dfrac{3}{4}BC\) nên \(\overrightarrow {BM} = \dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {BC} \)
\( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AM} = \overrightarrow {AB} + \dfrac{3}{4}\overrightarrow {BC} \)
Lại có: \(\overrightarrow {BC} = \overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} \) (quy tắc hiệu)
\( \Rightarrow \overrightarrow {AM} = \overrightarrow {AB} + \dfrac{3}{4}\left( {\overrightarrow {AC} - \overrightarrow {AB} } \right) = \dfrac{1}{4}.\overrightarrow {AB} + \dfrac{3}{4}.\overrightarrow {AC} \)
Vậy \(\overrightarrow {AM} = \dfrac{1}{4}.\overrightarrow {AB} + \dfrac{3}{4}.\overrightarrow {AC} \)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Xét ΔBAD có BM là đường trung tuyến
nên \(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{BD}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{5}{3}\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{6}\left(5\overrightarrow{BA}+2\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{6}\left(\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{AC}\right)\)
\(\overrightarrow{BN}=\overrightarrow{BA}+\overrightarrow{AN}\)
\(=\overrightarrow{BA}+\dfrac{2}{5}\overrightarrow{BC}\)
=>\(\overrightarrow{BM}=\dfrac{5}{6}\cdot\overrightarrow{BN}\)
=>B,M,N thẳng hàng
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Lời giải:
Theo đề ta có: $\overrightarrow{BM}=2\overrightarrow{MC}=-2\overrightarrow{CM}$
$\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+\overrightarrow{BM}(1)$
$=\overrightarrow{AB}-2\overrightarrow{CM}$
$\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AC}+\overrightarrow{CM}$
$\Rightarrow 2\overrightarrow{AM}=2\overrightarrow{AC}+2\overrightarrow{CM}(2)$
Lấy $(1)+(2)\Rightarrow 3\overrightarrow{AM}=\overrightarrow{AB}+2\overrightarrow{AC}$
$\Rightarrow \overrightarrow{AM}=\frac{1}{3}\overrightarrow{AB}+\frac{2}{3}\overrightarrow{AC}$
Trước hết ta có
=>
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Theo quy tắc 3 điểm, ta có
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