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\(lim\dfrac{\left(n+2\right)^{50}\left(n-3\right)^{80}}{\left(2n-1\right)^{40}\left(3n-2\right)^{45}}=lim\dfrac{\left(1+\dfrac{2}{n^{50}}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{3}{n^{35}}\right)\left(n-3\right)^{45}}{\left(2-\dfrac{1}{n^{50}}\right)\left(3-\dfrac{2}{n^{45}}\right)}=+\infty\)
\(lim\dfrac{4^n}{2.3^n+4^n}=lim\dfrac{1}{2.\left(\dfrac{3}{4}\right)^n+1}=\dfrac{1}{0+1}=1\)
\(lim\dfrac{3^n-2.5^n}{7+3.5^n}=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{3}{5}\right)^n-2}{\dfrac{7}{5^n}+3}=\dfrac{0-2}{0+3}=\dfrac{-2}{3}\)
\(lim\dfrac{4^n-5^n}{2^{2n}+3.5^{2n}}=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{4}{25}\right)^n-\left(\dfrac{1}{5}\right)^n}{\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{2n}+3}=\dfrac{0-0}{0+3}=0\)
\(lim\dfrac{\left(-3\right)^n+5^n}{2.\left(-4\right)^n+5^n}=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{-3}{5}\right)^n+1}{2.\left(-\dfrac{4}{5}\right)^n+1}=\dfrac{0+1}{0+1}=1\)
1.
Nhớ rằng \(\lim _{x\to \infty}\frac{1}{x}=0\) và \(\lim _{x\to a}\frac{f(x)}{g(x)}=\frac{\lim_{x\to a}f(x)}{\lim_{x\to a}g(x)}\) với \(g(x)\neq 0; \lim_{x\to a}g(x)\neq 0\)
Do đó:
\(\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{(n+2)^{50}.(n-3)^{80}}{(2n-1)^{40}.(3n-2)^{45}}=\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{n^{130}(\frac{n+2}{n})^{50}.(\frac{n-3}{n})^{80}}{n^{85}(\frac{2n-1}{n})^{40}.(\frac{3n-2}{n})^{45}}\)
\(=\lim_{n\to \infty}\frac{n^{45}(1+\frac{2}{n})^{50}(1-\frac{3}{n})^{80}}{(2-\frac{1}{n})^{40}.(3-\frac{2}{n})^{45}}\)
\(=\frac{\lim_{n\to \infty}[n^{45}(1+\frac{2}{n})^{50}(1-\frac{3}{n})^{80}]}{\lim_{n\to \infty}[(2-\frac{1}{n})^{40}.(3-\frac{2}{n})^{45}]}\)
\(=\frac{\lim_{n\to \infty}n^{45}.1^{50}.1^{80}}{2^{40}.3^{45}}=\frac{\infty}{2^{40}.3^{45}}=\infty\)
\(=lim\dfrac{\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3^{n-1}}\right)\left(1-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)}{\left(1-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\left(1-\left(\dfrac{2}{50}\right)^{n+1}\right)}\\ =lim\dfrac{9}{10}\left(\dfrac{1-\dfrac{1}{3^{n-1}}}{1-\left(\dfrac{-2}{5}\right)^{n+1}}\right)\\ =\dfrac{9}{10}\)
a/ \(\lim\limits\dfrac{1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^n}{1+\dfrac{1}{2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+...+\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^n}=\lim\limits\dfrac{\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}-1}{\dfrac{1}{3}-1}}{\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^{n+1}-1}{\dfrac{1}{2}-1}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{2}}=3\)
b/ \(\lim\limits\left(n^3+n\sqrt{n}-5\right)=+\infty-5=+\infty\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{x^3-3x+2}{x^4-4x+3}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(x-1\right)^2}{\left(x^2+2x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow1}\dfrac{x+2}{x^2+2x+3}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}\dfrac{x^3+x^2-4x-4}{x^2-4x+4}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}\dfrac{\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+3x+2\right)}{\left(x-2\right)^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2^-}\dfrac{x^2+3x+2}{x-2}=-\infty\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\left(x^2-x-2\right)^{20}}{\left(x^3-12x+16\right)^{10}}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^{20}\left(x-2\right)^{20}}{\left(x+4\right)^{10}\left(x-2\right)^{20}}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow2}\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^{20}}{\left(x+4\right)^{10}}=\dfrac{3^{10}}{2^{10}}\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^-}\dfrac{4x^2+5x}{x^2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow0^-}\dfrac{4x+5}{x}=-\infty\)
\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{\sqrt{x+2}-1}{\sqrt{x+5}-2}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+5}+2\right)}{\left(x+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x+2}+1\right)}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow-1}\dfrac{\sqrt{x+5}+2}{\sqrt{x+2}+1}=2\)
\(lim\dfrac{\left(2-n\right)\left(3+2n^3\right)}{2n^2-1}=lim\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{2}{n}-1\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{n}+2n^2\right)}{2-\dfrac{1}{n^2}}=-\infty\)
\(\dfrac{lim\left(\sqrt{4n^2+1}-2n\right)n}{\sqrt[3]{4-n^3}+n}=lim\dfrac{n\left(\sqrt[3]{\left(4-n^3\right)^2}-n\sqrt[3]{4-n^3}+n^2\right)}{4.\left(\sqrt{4n^2+1}+2n\right)}\)
\(=lim\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{\left(n^3-4\right)^2}+n\sqrt[3]{n^3-4}+n^2}{4\left(\sqrt{4+\dfrac{1}{n^2}}+2\right)}=+\infty\)
Bài 2:
a: \(=\dfrac{7}{9}\left(\dfrac{7}{6}-\dfrac{19}{20}-\dfrac{1}{15}\right)+\dfrac{22}{5}\cdot\dfrac{1}{24}\)
\(=\dfrac{7}{9}\cdot\dfrac{3}{20}+\dfrac{22}{120}=\dfrac{7}{60}+\dfrac{11}{60}=\dfrac{18}{60}=\dfrac{3}{10}\)
b: \(=\left(\dfrac{35-32}{60}\right)^2+\dfrac{4}{5}\cdot\dfrac{70-45}{80}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{400}+\dfrac{4\cdot25}{400}=\dfrac{101}{400}\)
b)
Với n = 1.
\(VT=B_n=1;VP=\dfrac{1\left(1+1\right)\left(1+2\right)}{6}=1\).
Vậy với n = 1 điều cần chứng minh đúng.
Giả sử nó đúng với n = k.
Nghĩa là: \(B_k=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{6}\).
Ta sẽ chứng minh nó đúng với \(n=k+1\).
Nghĩa là:
\(B_{k+1}=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+1+1\right)\left(k+1+2\right)}{6}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{6}\).
Thật vậy:
\(B_{k+1}=B_k+\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\)\(=\dfrac{k\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{6}+\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)}{2}\)\(=\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)\left(k+2\right)\left(k+3\right)}{6}\).
Vậy điều cần chứng minh đúng với mọi n.
c)
Với \(n=1\)
\(VT=S_n=sinx\); \(VP=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{x}{2}sin\dfrac{2}{2}x}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}=sinx\)
Vậy điều cần chứng minh đúng với \(n=1\).
Giả sử điều cần chứng minh đúng với \(n=k\).
Nghĩa là: \(S_k=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{kx}{2}sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}\).
Ta cần chứng minh nó đúng với \(n=k+1\):
Nghĩa là: \(S_{k+1}=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}sin\dfrac{\left(k+2\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}\).
Thật vậy từ giả thiết quy nạp ta có:
\(S_{k+1}-S_k\)\(=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}sin\dfrac{\left(k+2\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}-\dfrac{sin\dfrac{kx}{2}sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}.\left[sin\dfrac{\left(k+2\right)x}{2}-sin\dfrac{kx}{2}\right]\)
\(=\dfrac{sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}}{sin\dfrac{x}{2}}.2cos\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}sim\dfrac{x}{2}\)\(=2sin\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}cos\dfrac{\left(k+1\right)x}{2}=2sin\left(k+1\right)x\).
Vì vậy \(S_{k+1}=S_k+sin\left(k+1\right)x\).
Vậy điều cần chứng minh đúng với mọi n.
a) Với mọi ∀n ε N*, ta có (
. 2n+1) : (
. 2n) = 2.
Suy ra un+1 = un.2, với n ε N*
Vậy dãy số đã chp là một câp số nhân với u1 = , q = 2.
b) Với mọi ∀n ε N*, ta có un+1 = =un.
Vậy dãy số đã cho là một cấp số nhân với u1 = , q =
c) Với mọi ∀n ε N*, ta có un+1 = .
\(=\lim\dfrac{1.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\dfrac{1}{3}}}{1.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\dfrac{2}{5}}}=\lim\dfrac{9}{10}.\dfrac{1-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^{n+1}}{1-\left(\dfrac{2}{5}\right)^{n+1}}=\dfrac{9}{10}\)