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\(m_{NaOH}=\dfrac{200\cdot8}{100}=16\left(g\right)\Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{16}{40}=0,4mol\)
\(NaOH+HCl\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
0,4 0,4 0,4 0,4
a)\(m_{HCl}=0,4\cdot36,5=14,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{14,6}{7,3}\cdot100=200\left(g\right)\)
b)\(m_{NaCl}=0,4\cdot58,5=23,4\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{H_2O}=0,4\cdot18=7,2\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{ddsau}=200+200-7,2=392,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%=\dfrac{23,4}{392,8}\cdot100=5,96\%\)
c) \(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{6,72}{22,4}=0,3mol\)
\(2NaOH+SO_2\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\)
0,4 0,3 0,3 0,3
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=0,3\cdot142=42,6\left(g\right)\)
a) \(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(1\right)\\ Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+2NaOH+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaAlO_2+3H_2\)
Cho hỗn hợp tác dụng với NaOH, chất rắn không tan là Fe
=> mFe= 1,12 (g) \(\Rightarrow n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Ta có: \(n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=n_{Fe}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\Sigma n_{H_2}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,065-0,02=0,045\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,03.27=0,81\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=41,97\%,\%m_{Fe}=58,03\%\)
b) \(m_{FeCl_2}=0,02.127=2,54\left(g\right)\\ m_{AlCl_3}=0,03.133,5=4,005\left(g\right)\)
a, Ta có
CuO + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) CuCl2 + H2O
x \(\rightarrow\) 2x \(\rightarrow\) x \(\rightarrow\) x
Fe2O3 + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2FeCl3 + 3H2O
y \(\rightarrow\) 6y \(\rightarrow\) 2y \(\rightarrow\) 3y
Theo 2 phương trình trên ta có
nCuCl2 / nFeCl3 = 1/1 => x / 2y = 1/1
=> x = 2y => x - 2y = 0
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}80x+160y=8\\\text{x - 2y = 0}\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,05\\y=0,025\end{matrix}\right.\)
=> MHCl = ( 2x + 6y ) . 36,5 = 9,125 ( gam )
b, 200 ml = 0,2 l
=> CM HCl = n : V = ( 2x + 6y ) : 0,2 = 1,25 M
\(a.HCl+NaOH\rightarrow NaCl+H_2O\)
PỨ trung hoà
\(b,n_{NaOH}=0,1.1=0,1mol\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{NaOH}=n_{HCl}0,1mol\\ m=m_{HCl}=0,1.36,5=3,65g\\ c,m_{NaCl}=0,1.58,5=5,85g\\ d,n_{HCl}=\dfrac{73.10}{100.36,5}=0,2mol\\ \Rightarrow\dfrac{0,1}{1}< \dfrac{0,2}{1}\Rightarrow HCl.dư\\ n_{HCl,pứ}=n_{NaOH}=0,1mol\\ m_{HCl,dư}=\left(0,2-0,1\right).36,5=3,65g\)
\(PTHH:CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ CO_2+2NaOH\rightarrow Na_2CO_3+H_2O\\ n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{26,88}{22,4}=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Na_2CO_3}=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối}=m_{Na_2CO_3}=1,2\cdot106=127,2\left(g\right)\)
PTHH: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)
\(KCl+AgNO_3\rightarrow KNO_3+AgCl\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{HCl}=0,2\cdot2=0,4\left(mol\right)=n_{KOH}=n_{KNO_3}=n_{AgCl}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{KOH}=0,1\cdot56=5,6\left(g\right)\\m_{AgCl}=0,1\cdot143,5=14,35\left(g\right)\\m_{KNO_3}=0,1\cdot101=10,1\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{NaOH}=\dfrac{8}{40}=0,2(mol)\\ PTHH:NaOH+HCl\to NaCl+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaCl}=0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow m_{muối}=m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7(g)\)
NaOH + HCl ---> NaCl + H2O
nNaOH= \(\dfrac{m}{M}\)= \(\dfrac{8}{40}\)=0,2 (mol)
Theo PTPU ta có: nNaCl=nNaOH=0,2 (mol)
=> mNaCl=n.M=0,2.58,5=11,7(gam)