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a) Với \({x_0}\) bất kì, ta có:
\(f'\left( {{x_0}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{f\left( x \right) - f\left( {{x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{k{x^2} + c - \left( {kx_0^2 + c} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{k\left( {{x^2} - x_0^2} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{k\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)\left( {x + {x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \left[ {k\left( {x + {x_0}} \right)} \right] = 2k{x_0}\)
Vậy hàm số \(y = k{x^2} + c\) có đạo hàm là hàm số \(y' = 2kx\)
b) Với \({x_0}\) bất kì, ta có:
\(f'\left( {{x_0}} \right) = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{f\left( x \right) - f\left( {{x_0}} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{{x^3} - x_0^3}}{{x - {x_0}}}\\ = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \frac{{\left( {x - {x_0}} \right)\left( {{x^2} + x{x_0} + x_0^2} \right)}}{{x - {x_0}}} = \mathop {\lim }\limits_{x \to {x_0}} \left( {{x^2} + x{x_0} + x_0^2} \right) = 3x_0^2\)
Vậy hàm số \(y = {x^3}\) có đạo hàm là hàm số \(y' = 3{x^2}\)
a. \(y'=\dfrac{-1}{\left(x-1\right)}\)
b. \(y'=\dfrac{5}{\left(1-3x\right)^2}\)
c. \(y=\dfrac{\left(x+1\right)^2+1}{x+1}=x+1+\dfrac{1}{x+1}\Rightarrow y'=1-\dfrac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^2+2x}{\left(x+1\right)^2}\)
d. \(y'=\dfrac{4x\left(x^2-2x-3\right)-2x^2\left(2x-2\right)}{\left(x^2-2x-3\right)^2}=\dfrac{-4x^2-12x}{\left(x^2-2x-3\right)^2}\)
e. \(y'=1+\dfrac{2}{\left(x-1\right)^2}=\dfrac{x^2-2x+3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
g. \(y'=\dfrac{\left(4x-4\right)\left(2x+1\right)-2\left(2x^2-4x+5\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{4x^2+4x-14}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
2.
a. \(y'=4\left(x^2+x+1\right)^3.\left(x^2+x+1\right)'=4\left(x^2+x+1\right)^3\left(2x+1\right)\)
b. \(y'=5\left(1-2x^2\right)^4.\left(1-2x^2\right)'=-20x\left(1-2x^2\right)^4\)
c. \(y'=3\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)^2.\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)'=3\left(\dfrac{2x+1}{x-1}\right)^2.\left(\dfrac{-3}{\left(x-1\right)^2}\right)=\dfrac{-9\left(2x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^4}\)
d. \(y'=\dfrac{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^3-3\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)^2}{\left(x-1\right)^6}=\dfrac{-x^2-6x-5}{\left(x-1\right)^4}\)
e. \(y'=-\dfrac{\left[\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^2\right]'}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^4}=-\dfrac{2\left(x^2-2x+5\right)\left(2x-2\right)}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^4}=-\dfrac{4\left(x-1\right)}{\left(x^2-2x+5\right)^3}\)
f. \(y'=4\left(3-2x^2\right)^3.\left(3-2x^2\right)'=-16x\left(3-2x^2\right)^3\)
a) \(y' = {\left( {{x^2} - x} \right)^\prime }{.2^x} + \left( {{x^2} - x} \right).{\left( {{2^x}} \right)^\prime } = \left( {2{\rm{x}} - 1} \right){.2^x} + \left( {{x^2} - x} \right){.2^x}.\ln 2\).
b) \(y' = {\left( {{x^2}} \right)^\prime }.{\log _3}x + {x^2}.{\left( {{{\log }_3}x} \right)^\prime } = 2{\rm{x}}.{\log _3}x + {x^2}.\frac{1}{{x\ln 3}} = 2{\rm{x}}.{\log _3}x + \frac{x}{{\ln 3}}\).
c) Đặt \(u = 3{\rm{x}} + 1\) thì \(y = {e^u}\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {3{\rm{x}} + 1} \right)^\prime } = 3\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {{e^u}} \right)^\prime } = {e^u}\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = {e^u}.3 = 3{{\rm{e}}^{3{\rm{x}} + 1}}\).
Vậy \(y' = 3{{\rm{e}}^{3{\rm{x}} + 1}}\).
tham khảo:
a)\(y'\left(x\right)=5\left(\dfrac{2x-1}{x+2}\right)^4.\dfrac{\left(x+2\right)\left(2\right)-\left(2x-1\right).1}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{10\left(2x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)^3}{\left(x+2\right)^4}=\dfrac{20x-50}{\left(x+2\right)^4}\)
b)\(y'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{2\left(x^2+1\right)-2x\left(2x\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)\(=\dfrac{2\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)
c)\(y'\left(x\right)=e^x.2sinxcosx+e^xsin^2x.2cosx\)
\(=2e^xsinx\left(cosx+sinxcosx\right)\)
\(=2e^xsinxcos^2x\)
d)\(y'\left(x\right)=\dfrac{1}{x\sqrt{x}}.\left(+\dfrac{1}{2\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}\left(3\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)
a) Đặt \(u = 3{\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = \sin u\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {3{\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = 3\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {\sin u} \right)^\prime } = \cos u\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = \cos u.3 = 3\cos 3{\rm{x}}\).
Vậy \(y' = 3\cos 3{\rm{x}}\).
b) Đặt \(u = \cos 2{\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = {u^3}\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {\cos 2{\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {{u^3}} \right)^\prime } = 3{u^2}\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = 3{u^2}.\left( { - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = 3{\left( {\cos 2{\rm{x}}} \right)^2}.\left( { - 2\sin 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = - 6\sin 2{\rm{x}}{\cos ^2}2{\rm{x}}\).
Vậy \(y' = - 6\sin 2{\rm{x}}{\cos ^2}2{\rm{x}}\).
c) Đặt \(u = \tan {\rm{x}}\) thì \(y = {u^2}\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {\tan {\rm{x}}} \right)^\prime } = \frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {{u^2}} \right)^\prime } = 2u\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = 2u.\frac{1}{{{{\cos }^2}x}} = 2\tan x\left( {{{\tan }^2}x + 1} \right)\).
Vậy \(y' = 2\tan x\left( {{{\tan }^2}x + 1} \right)\).
d) Đặt \(u = 4 - {x^2}\) thì \(y = \cot u\). Ta có: \(u{'_x} = {\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)^\prime } = - 2{\rm{x}}\) và \(y{'_u} = {\left( {\cot u} \right)^\prime } = - \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}u}}\).
Suy ra \(y{'_x} = y{'_u}.u{'_x} = - \frac{1}{{{{\sin }^2}u}}.\left( { - 2{\rm{x}}} \right) = \frac{{2{\rm{x}}}}{{{{\sin }^2}\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)}}\).
Vậy \(y' = \frac{{2{\rm{x}}}}{{{{\sin }^2}\left( {4 - {x^2}} \right)}}\).
a, \(y=\left(2x^3+3\right)^2\)
\(y'=2\left(2x^3+3\right)6x^2\)
\(=12x^2\left(2x^3+3\right)\)
b,\(y=cos3x\)
\(y'=-3sin3x\)
c, \(y=log_2\left(x^2+2\right)\)
\(y'=\dfrac{2x}{\left(x^2+2\right)ln2}\)
tham khảo:
a)\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(2x-1\right)\left(1\right)}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
\(y'=\dfrac{5}{\left(x+2\right)^2}\)
b)\(y'=\dfrac{\left(2\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-\left(2x\right)\left(2x\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)
\(y'=\dfrac{2\left(1-x^2\right)}{\left(x^2+1\right)^2}\)
a, \(y=3x^4-7x^3+3x^2+1\)
\(y'=12x^3-21x^2+6x\)
b, \(y=\left(x^2-x\right)^3\)
\(y'=3\left(x^2-x\right)^2\left(2x-1\right)\)
c, \(y=\dfrac{4x-1}{2x+1}\)
\(y'=\dfrac{4+2}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
\(y'=\dfrac{6}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
a: y=3x^4-7x^3+3x^2+1
=>y'=3*4x^3-7*3x^2+3*2x
=12x^3-21x^2+6x
b: \(y'=\left[\left(x^2-x\right)^3\right]'\)
\(=3\left(2x-1\right)\left(x^2-x\right)^2\)
c: \(y'=\dfrac{\left(4x-1\right)'\left(2x+1\right)-\left(4x-1\right)\left(2x+1\right)'}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{4\left(2x+1\right)-2\left(4x-1\right)}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=\dfrac{6}{\left(2x+1\right)^2}\)
a: \(f'\left(x0\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-f\left(x0\right)}{x-x0}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{x^2+1-x_0^2-1}{x-x_0}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{\left(x-x0\right)\left(x+x0\right)}{x-x0}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}x+x0=x0+x0=2x0\)
b: \(f'\left(x0\right)=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{f\left(x\right)-f\left(x0\right)}{x-x0}\)
\(=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{kx+c-k\cdot x0-c}{x-x0}=\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}\dfrac{k\left(x-x0\right)}{x-x0}\)
=\(\lim\limits_{x\rightarrow x0}k=k\)