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a)
\(5A=5+5^2+.....+5^{101}\)
\(\Rightarrow5A-A=\left(5+5^2+.....+5^{101}\right)-\left(1+5+.....+5^{100}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=5^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{5^{101}-1}{4}\)
b)
\(2B=1+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+....+\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow2B-B=\left(1+\frac{1}{2^2}+.....+\frac{1}{2^{100}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+......+\frac{1}{2^{99}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow B=1-\frac{1}{2^{100}}\)
A=1+3/2^3+4/2^4+5/2^5+...100/2^100
1/2*A = 1/2 + 3/2^4 + 4/2^5 +....+ 99/2^100 + 100/2^101
A- A/2 = 1/2A =1/2 + 3/2^3 + 1/2^4 +...+1/2^100 - 100/2^101=
= [1/2+1/2^2 +1/2^3 +...+1/2^100] -100/2^101 (Do 3/2^3 = 1/2^2 +1/2^3)
=[1-(1/2)^101]/(1-1/2) -100/2^101 =
=(2^101 -1)/2^100 - 100/2^101
=> A= (2^101 -1)/2^99 - 100/2^100
\(a,A=2^0+2^1+2^2+....+\)\(2^{2010}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2^1+2^2+2^3+....+2^{2011}\)
\(2A-A=\left(2^1+2^2+2^3+...+2^{2011}\right)-\left(2^0+2^1+2^2+...+2^{2010}\right)\)
\(A=2^{2011}-2^0\)
\(A=2^{2011}-1\)
\(b,B=1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow3B=3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{101}\)
\(3B-B=\left(3+3^2+3^3+...+3^{101}\right)-\left(1+3+3^2+...+3^{100}\right)\)
\(2B=3^{101}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{3^{101}-1}{2}\)
\(c,C=4+4^2+4^3+...+4^n\)
\(\Rightarrow4C=4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^{n+1}\)
\(4C-C=\left(4^2+4^3+4^4+...+4^{n+1}\right)-\left(4+4^2+4^3+...+4^n\right)\)
\(3C=4^{n+1}-4\)
\(\Rightarrow C=\frac{4^{n+1}-4}{3}\)
\(d,D=1+5+5^2+...+5^{2000}\)
\(\Rightarrow5D=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2001}\)
\(5D-D=\left(5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2001}\right)-\left(1+5+5^2+...+5^{2000}\right)\)
\(4D=5^{2001}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow D=\frac{5^{2001}-1}{4}\)
b)
B=1+3+3^2+3^3+..+3^100
=> 3B = 3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + ...+ 3^101
=> 3B - B = ( 3 + 3^2 + 3^3 + ...+ 3^101) - (1+3+3^2+3^3+..+3^100)
=> 2B = 3^101 - 1
=> B =( 3^101 - 1) / 2
Mình chỉ biết chứng minh A<1/2 mà thôi xin lỗi bạn nha