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a. \(\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x+2\right)\left(5-x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x-1=0\\3x+2=0\\5-x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-2}{3}\\x=5\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{-2}{3};5\right\}\)
b. \(\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-4\right)=\left(x-5\right)\left(4-x\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-4\right)+\left(x-5\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x\left(x-4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{0;4\right\}\)
c. \(16x^2-8x+1=4\left(x+3\right)\left(4x-1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1\right)^2-4\left(x+3\right)\left(4x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x-1\right)\left(4x-1-4x-3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4\left(4x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow4x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
d. \(27x^2\left(x+3\right)-12\left(x^2+3x\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27x^2\left(x+3\right)-12x\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(27x-12\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\27x-12=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{4}{9}\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{0;\dfrac{4}{9};-3\right\}\)
e. \(2\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)=\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(3x+1\right)^2-\left(3x+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(6x+1-x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+1\right)\left(7x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=0\\7x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-1}{3}\\x=\dfrac{-3}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\left\{\dfrac{-1}{3};\dfrac{-3}{7}\right\}\)
g. \(\left(2x-1\right)^2=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-1=7\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
a: Ta có: \(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x+5\right)=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+6-x^2-3x+10=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=-10\)
hay x=-5
b: Ta có: \(\left(3x+2\right)\left(2x+9\right)-\left(x+2\right)\left(6x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)-\left(x-6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+27x+4x+18-6x^2-x-12x-2=x+1-x+6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x+16=7\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{1}{2}\)
c: Ta có: \(3\left(2x-1\right)\left(3x-1\right)-\left(2x-3\right)\left(9x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(6x^2-2x-3x+1\right)-\left(18x^2-2x-27x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x^2-15x+3-18x^2+27x-3=0\)
hay x=0
a) \(4x^2+16x+3=0\)
\(\Delta'=84-12=72\Rightarrow\sqrt[]{\Delta'}=6\sqrt[]{2}\)
Phương trình có 2 nghiệm
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-8+6\sqrt[]{2}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-8-6\sqrt[]{2}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-2\left(4-3\sqrt[]{2}\right)}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-2\left(4+3\sqrt[]{2}\right)}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-\left(4-3\sqrt[]{2}\right)}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-\left(4+3\sqrt[]{2}\right)}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3\sqrt[]{2}-4}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-3\sqrt[]{2}-4}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) \(7x^2+16x+2=1+3x^2\)
\(4x^2+16x+1=0\)
\(\Delta'=84-4=80\Rightarrow\sqrt[]{\Delta'}=4\sqrt[]{5}\)
Phương trình có 2 nghiệm
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-8+4\sqrt[]{5}}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-8-4\sqrt[]{5}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-4\left(2-\sqrt[]{5}\right)}{4}\\x=\dfrac{-4\left(2+\sqrt[]{5}\right)}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-\left(2-\sqrt[]{5}\right)\\x=-\left(2+\sqrt[]{5}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-2+\sqrt[]{5}\\x=-2-\sqrt[]{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) \(4x^2+20x+4=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(x^2+5x+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+1=0\)
\(\Delta=25-4=21\Rightarrow\sqrt[]{\Delta}=\sqrt[]{21}\)
Phương trình có 2 nghiệm
\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-5+\sqrt[]{21}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-5-\sqrt[]{21}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Bài 1
a) 5x²y - 20xy²
= 5xy(x - 4y)
b) 1 - 8x + 16x² - y²
= (1 - 8x + 16x²) - y²
= (1 - 4x)² - y²
= (1 - 4x - y)(1 - 4x + y)
c) 4x - 4 - x²
= -(x² - 4x + 4)
= -(x - 2)²
d) x³ - 2x² + x - xy²
= x(x² - 2x + 1 - y²)
= x[(x² - 2x+ 1) - y²]
= x[(x - 1)² - y²]
= x(x - 1 - y)(x - 1 + y)
= x(x - y - 1)(x + y - 1)
e) 27 - 3x²
= 3(9 - x²)
= 3(3 - x)(3 + x)
f) 2x² + 4x + 2 - 2y²
= 2(x² + 2x + 1 - y²)
= 2[(x² + 2x + 1) - y²]
= 2[(x + 1)² - y²]
= 2(x + 1 - y)(x + 1 + y)
= 2(x - y + 1)(x + y + 1)
Bài 2:
a: \(x^2\left(x-2023\right)+x-2023=0\)
=>\(\left(x-2023\right)\left(x^2+1\right)=0\)
mà \(x^2+1>=1>0\forall x\)
nên x-2023=0
=>x=2023
b:
ĐKXĐ: x<>0
\(-x\left(x-4\right)+\left(2x^3-4x^2-9x\right):x=0\)
=>\(-x\left(x-4\right)+2x^2-4x-9=0\)
=>\(-x^2+4x+2x^2-4x-9=0\)
=>\(x^2-9=0\)
=>(x-3)(x+3)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\x+3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
c: \(x^2+2x-3x-6=0\)
=>\(\left(x^2+2x\right)-\left(3x+6\right)=0\)
=>\(x\left(x+2\right)-3\left(x+2\right)=0\)
=>(x+2)(x-3)=0
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+2=0\\x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
d: 3x(x-10)-2x+20=0
=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-\left(2x-20\right)=0\)
=>\(3x\left(x-10\right)-2\left(x-10\right)=0\)
=>\(\left(x-10\right)\left(3x-2\right)=0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-10=0\\3x-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}\\x=10\end{matrix}\right.\)
Câu 1:
a: \(5x^2y-20xy^2\)
\(=5xy\cdot x-5xy\cdot4y\)
\(=5xy\left(x-4y\right)\)
b: \(1-8x+16x^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(16x^2-8x+1\right)-y^2\)
\(=\left(4x-1\right)^2-y^2\)
\(=\left(4x-1-y\right)\left(4x-1+y\right)\)
c: \(4x-4-x^2\)
\(=-\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\)
\(=-\left(x-2\right)^2\)
d: \(x^3-2x^2+x-xy^2\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2x+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=x\left[\left(x^2-2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=x\left(x-1-y\right)\left(x-1+y\right)\)
e: \(27-3x^2\)
\(=3\left(9-x^2\right)\)
\(=3\left(3-x\right)\left(3+x\right)\)
f: \(2x^2+4x+2-2y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1-y^2\right)\)
\(=2\left[\left(x^2+2x+1\right)-y^2\right]\)
\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2-y^2\right]\)
\(=2\left(x+1+y\right)\left(x+1-y\right)\)
\(a,=x^2-4x+4-\dfrac{15}{4}=\left(x-2\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{4}=\left(x-2-\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{2}\right)\left(x-2+\dfrac{\sqrt{15}}{2}\right)\\ b,=?\\ c,\Rightarrow x^2+7x-8=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x+8\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-8\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ d,Sửa:x^3-3x^2=-27+9x\\ \Rightarrow x^3-3x^2+9x-27=0\\ \Rightarrow x^2\left(x-3\right)+9\left(x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+9\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-9\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow x=3\\ e,\Rightarrow x\left(x-3\right)-7x+21=0\\ \Rightarrow x\left(x-3\right)-7\left(x-3\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-7\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=7\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\\ f,\Rightarrow x^2\left(x-2\right)+\left(x-2\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-1\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow x=2\)
\(g,\Rightarrow x^2-4x+4=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow x=2\\ h,Sửa:x^3-x^2+x=1\\ \Rightarrow x^2\left(x-1\right)+\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Rightarrow\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=-1\left(vô.lí\right)\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow x=1\)
\(4+2x\left(2x+4\right)=-x\)
\(4+2x.2x+8x=-x\)
\(4x+8x+x=-4\)
\(13x=-4\)
\(x=-\frac{4}{13}\)
Vậy pt có nghiệm là { -4/13 }