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\(x^2-25=y\left(y+6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25=y^2+6y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25-y^2-6y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y^2+6y+9\right)-16=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-\left(y+3\right)^2=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right)\left(x-y-3\right)=16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y+3\right);\left(x-y-3\right)\in\left\{-1;1;-2;2;-4;4;-8;8;-16;16\right\}\)
Ta giải các hệ phương trình sau :
1) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=-1\\x-y-3=-16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-4\\x-y=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-11\left(loại\right)\\x-y=-15\end{matrix}\right.\)
2) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=1\\x-y-3=16\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-2\\x-y=19\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=17\left(loại\right)\\x-y=19\end{matrix}\right.\)
3) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=2\\x-y-3=8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x-y=11\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=10\\x-y=11\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
4) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=-2\\x-y-3=-8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-5\\x-y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-10\\x-y=-5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=-4\\x-y-3=-4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-7\\x-y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-6\\x-y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
6) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=4\\x-y-3=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\x-y=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=8\\x-y=7\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\y=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
7) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=-8\\x-y-3=-2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-11\\x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-10\\x-y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-5\\y=-6\end{matrix}\right.\)
8) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=8\\x-y-3=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=5\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=10\\x-y=5\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
9) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=-16\\x-y-3=-1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-19\\x-y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=-17\left(loại\right)\\x-y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
10) \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+3=16\\x-y-3=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=15\\x-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=19\left(loại\right)\\x-y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(5;-6\right);\left(-5;0\right);\left(-3;-2\right);\left(4;-3\right);\left(-5;-6\right);\left(5;0\right)\right\}\)
1. Ta có: \(x^2-2xy-x+y+3=0\)
<=> \(x^2-2xy-2.x.\frac{1}{2}+2.y.\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+y^2-y^2-\frac{1}{4}+3=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-y^2=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(x-2y-\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)=-\frac{11}{4}\)
<=> \(\left(2x-4y-1\right)\left(2x-1\right)=-11\)
Th1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=11\\2x-1=-1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th2: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-11\\2x-1=1\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Th3: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=1\\2x-1=-11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-5\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Th4: \(\hept{\begin{cases}2x-4y-1=-1\\2x-1=11\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=6\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Kết luận:...
\(\Leftrightarrow4.25^x-4.5^x+1=4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2.5^x-1\right)^2=4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41\)
Ta có:
\(4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+2\right)^2+8y+37>\left(2y^2+2y+2\right)^2\)
\(4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2+4\left(y-1\right)\left(3y+4\right)\ge\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+3\right)^2\\4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+4\right)^2\\4y^4+8y^3+12y^2+16y+41=\left(2y^2+2y+5\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y^2-y-8=0\left(\text{không có nghiệm nguyên}\right)\\8y^2-25=0\left(\text{không có nghiệm nguyên}\right)\\\left(y-1\right)\left(3y+4\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow y=1\)
Thế vào pt ban đầu: \(25^x-5^x=20\)
Đặt \(5^x=t>0\Rightarrow t^2-t-20=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=5\\t=-4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow5^x=5\Rightarrow x=1\)
Ta có: 2x2 + 2xy - x + y = 66
<=> (x + y)2 + x2 - y2 - (x - y) = 66
<=> (x + y)^2 - 1 + (x - y)(x + y - 1) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(x + y + 1) + (x - y)(x + y - 1) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(x + y + 1 + x - y) = 65
<=> (x + y - 1)(2x + 1) = 65 = 1. 65 = 5.13 (vì x,y nguyên dương)
Lập bảng:
| x + y - 1 | 1 | 5 | 13 | 65 |
| 2x + 1 | 65 | 13 | 5 | 1 |
| x | 32 | 6 | 2 | 0 |
| y | -30 (ktm) | 0 | 12 | 66 |
Vậy ...
\(x^2-\left(2007+y\right)x+3+y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2007x-xy+3+y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x-2006x+2006-xy+y=2003\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-1\right)-2006\left(x-1\right)-y\left(x-1\right)=2003\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2006-y\right)=2003\)
Do x;y là số nguyên nên x-1 là ước của 2003, 2003 là số nguyên tố nên ta có \(x-1=\left\{-2003;-1;1;2003\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow x=\left\{-2002;0;2;2004\right\}\)
Với x=-2002 thì -2002-2006-y=-1 => y=-4007
Với x=0 thì 0-2006-y=-2003 => y=-3
Với x=2 thì 2-2006-y=2003 => y=-4007
Với x=2004 thì 2004-2006-y=1 => y=-3
Vậy các cặp số nguyên (x;y) cần tìm là (-2002;-4007);(-2;-4007);(0;-3);(2004;-3)
ta có: \(5-x^2-2x=y^2+2y+2.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=5\)
mà \(\left(y+1\right)^2\ge0;\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\) nên
\(\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2=0+5=1+4=2+3\)
TH1: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(y+1\right)^2=0\\\left(x+1\right)^2=5\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=-1\\x=\sqrt{5}-1\end{cases}}}\)
đến đây tự giải đc rồi nha!
xét xong 3 cặp trên thì kết luận vì x,y có vai trò như nhau nên ta có 6 cặp
Võ Thị Quỳnh Giang sai rồi bạn, bài này mình giải được rồi !