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a,
\(x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=1^2-2\cdot\left(-6\right)=1-\left(-12\right)=13\)
\(x^3+y^3=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)=1\cdot\left[13-\left(-6\right)\right]=19\)
\(x^5+y^5=\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-\left(2x^3y^2+xy^4+x^4y+2x^2y^3\right)=169-\left[2\left(xy\right)^2\left(x+y\right)+xy\left(x^3+y^3\right)\right]=169-\left[2\cdot36\cdot1-6\cdot19\right]=211\)
\(a,x^2+y^2-x-y=8\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2-x+\frac{1}{4}+y^2-y+\frac{1}{4}-8,5=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-8,5=0\)
Ta có : \(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2-8,5\ge-8,5\forall x;y\)
Để VP=0 và là các số nguyên
=>\(\left(x-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2=8,5\)
a/ x^2 + y^2 - x - y = 8
<=> 4x^2 + 4y^2 - 4x - 4y = 32
<=> (2x - 1)^2 + (2y - 1)^2 = 34
<=> (2x - 1)^2 = 9 và (2y - 1)^2 = 25
Hoặc (2x - 1)^2 = 25 và (2y - 1)^2 = 9
k) \(x^3-x+3x^2+3xt^2+y^3-y\)
\(=\left(x^3+3x^2y+3xy^2+y^3\right)-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)^3-\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-1\right]\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y+1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
h) \(a^3-a^2x-ay+xy\)
\(=a^2\left(a-x\right)-y\left(a-x\right)\)
\(=\left(a^2-y\right)\left(a-x\right)\)
a)\(\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\left(x^2y+2xy^2-2y^3\right)\)
\(=x^2y\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)+2xy^2\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(-2y^3\left(4x^3-xy^2+y^3\right)\)
\(=4x^5y-x^3y^3+x^2y^4+8x^4y^2-2x^2y^4+2xy^5\)
\(-8x^3y^3+2xy^5-2y^6\)
\(=-2y^6+4x^5y+\left(2xy^5+2xy^5\right)+8x^4y^2+\left(x^2y^4-2x^2y^4\right)\)
\(-\left(x^3y^3+8x^3y^3\right)\)
\(=-2y^6+4x^5y+4xy^5+8x^4y^2-x^2y^4-9x^3y^3\)
b)
(!) \(2\left(x+y\right)^2-7\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)^2-2\left(x+y\right)-5\left(x+y\right)+5\)
\(=2\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)-5\left(x+y-1\right)\)
\(=\left(2x+2y-5\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
(!!) \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2-x^2-y^2-z^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2zx\right)-x^2-y^2-z^2\)
\(=2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
1) \(VT=x^3+x^2y-x^2y-xy^2+xy^2+y^3=x^3+y^3=VP\)
2) \(VP=x^2+xy-xy-y^2=x^2-y^2=VT\)
3) \(VP=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot1+1=x^2+2x+1=VT\)
4) \(VP=x^3+x^2y+xy^2-x^2y-xy^2-y^3=x^3-y^3=VT\)
1, \(\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)=x^3+y^3\\ x^3+x^2y-x^2y-xy^2+xy^2+y^3=x^3+y^3\\ x^3+y^3=x^3+y^3\left(đúng\right)\)Vậy ta được đpcm
2, \(x^2-y^2=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\\ x^2-y^2=x^2+xy-xy-y^2\\ x^2-y^2=x^2-y^2\left(đúng\right)\)Vậy ta được đpcm
3, \(x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)^2\\ x^2+2x+1=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+1\right)\\ x^2+2x+1=x^2+x+x+1\\ x^2+2x+1=x^2+2x+1\left(đúng\right)\)Vậy ta được đpcm
4, \(x^3-y^3=\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)\\ x^3-y^3=x^3+x^2y+xy^2-x^2y-xy^2-y^3\\ x^3-y^3=x^3-y^3\left(đúng\right)\)Vậy ta được đpcm
a ) \(\dfrac{x-y}{x^3+y^3}.Q=\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{x^2-xy+y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\dfrac{x^2-2xy+y^2}{x^2-xy+y^2}:\dfrac{x-y}{x^3+y^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)^2}{x^2-xy+y^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)}{x-y}\)
\(\Rightarrow Q=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)=x^2-y^2\)
Vậy \(Q=x^2-y^2\)
b ) \(\dfrac{x+y}{x^3-y^3}.Q=\dfrac{3x^2+3xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\dfrac{3x^2+3xy}{x^2+xy+y^2}:\dfrac{x+y}{x^3-y^3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=\dfrac{3x\left(x+y\right)}{x^2+xy+y^2}\cdot\dfrac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x+y}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow Q=3x\left(x-y\right)=3x^2-3xy\)
Vậy \(Q=3x^2-3xy\)
Ta có \(P=\frac{x^2+y\left(x+y\right)}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{x^4\left(x-y\right)-y^4\left(x-y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^4-y^4\right)}\)\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}:\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+y^2}{x^2-y^2}.\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2+xy+y^2\right)}\)\(=x^2+y^2=\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\)
Thay \(x+y=5;xy=-\frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow P=5^2-2.\left(-\frac{1}{2}\right)=26\)
Vậy P=26
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2y+2xy^2+y^3}{2x^2+xy-y^2}\)
\(=\frac{x^2y+xy^2+xy^2+y^3}{2x^2+2xy-xy-y^2}\)
\(=\frac{xy\left(x+y\right)+y^2\left(x+y\right)}{2x\left(x+y\right)-y\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+y\right)\left(xy+y^2\right)}{\left(2x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)}=\frac{xy+y^2}{2x-y}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta có: \(\frac{x^2+3xy+2y^2}{x^3+2x^2y-xy^2-2y^3}\)
\(=\frac{x^2+xy+2xy+2y^2}{x^2\left(x+2y\right)-y^2\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{x\left(x+y\right)+2y\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x+2y\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x+2y\right)\left(x+y\right)}{\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\left(x+2y\right)}=\frac{1}{x-y}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Ta coi A là nhân tử chưa biết, để tìm A ta lấy tích chia cho thừa số đã biết. Khi đó ta tính được A = 2 3 a ( x − y )