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Tìm min, max (nếu có) của các biểu thức sau :
a) 25x^2 - 10x + 4
b) -x^2 +2x
c) x^2 - 2x + y^2 - 4y +6
Tìm min của các biểu thức sau:
A=3x^2 - 6x - 1
B=x^2 - 2x + y^2 - 4y + 2016
C=(x-1).(x+2).(x+3).(x+6)
LÀM dùm bn 1 câu khó nhất nhé;
B = (x-1)2 + ( y -2)2 +2016 -1 -4
GTNN B = 2011
A=3(x^2-2x-1/3)
=3(x-1)^2 -4/3
ta có (x-1)^2 >= 0
suy ra a>= 0-4/3
dấu bằng xảy ra khi x-1=0
x=1
vậy giá trị nhỏ nhất của A là -4/3 khi x=1
\(A=4x^2-12x+11\)
\(A=\left(2x\right)^2-2.2x.3+3^2+2\)
\(A=\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\)
Ta có: \(\left(2x-3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2+2\ge2\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-3=0\Leftrightarrow2x=3\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Amin=2\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(B=x^2-2x+y^2+4y+6\)
\(B=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+2.2y+2^2\right)+1\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\)
Ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\\\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\end{cases}\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x;y}\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y+2\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy Bmin=1\(\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=-2\)
\(A=-x^2-6x+1\)
\(\Rightarrow-A=x^2+6x-1\)
\(-A=\left(x^2+2.3x+3^2\right)-10\)
\(-A=\left(x+3\right)^2-10\)
\(\Rightarrow A=-\left(x+3\right)^2+10\)
Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+3\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-\left(x+3\right)^2+10\le10\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x+3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+3=0\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy Amax=10\(\Leftrightarrow\)x= -3
Sửa đề:
\(B=-2x^2-8x-6\)
\(B=-2.\left(x^2+2.2x+2^2\right)+2\)
\(B=-2.\left(x+2\right)^2+2\)
Ta có: \(2.\left(x+2\right)^2\ge0\forall x\Rightarrow-2.\left(x+2\right)^2\le0\forall x\Rightarrow-2.\left(x+2\right)^2+2\le2\forall x\)
Dấu = xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow-2.\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x+2\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Vậy Bmax=2\(\Leftrightarrow x=-2\)
Đề phải là tìm min mới đúng
a, A=4x2-12x+11
=(4x2-12x+9)+2
=(2x-3)2+2
Vì (2x-3)2 \(\ge\) 0 => A=(2x-3)2+2 \(\ge\) 2
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi 2x-3=0 <=> x=3/2
Vậy Amin = 2 khi x=3/2
b, B=x2-2x+y2+4y+6
=(x2-2x+1)+(y2+4y+4)+1
=(x-1)2+(y+2)2+1
Vì \(\left(x-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1,y=-2
Vậy Bmin = 1 khi x=1,y=-2
a) =(5x)^2-2*5x+1+3
=(5x-1)^2+3
suy ra min=3
b) = -(x^2-2x+1)-1
=-(x^2-1)^2-1
suy ra Max=-1
c)=(x^2-2x+1)+(y^2-4y+4)+1
=(x^2-1)^2+(y^2-2)^2+1
suy ra Min=1
# mk ko chắc lắm đâu
A = 2x2 + 6x = 2( x2 + 3x + 9/4 ) - 9/2 = 2( x + 3/2 )2 - 9/2 ≥ -9/2 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -3/2
=> MinA = -9/2 <=> x = -3/2
B = x2 - 2x + y2 - 4y + 6 = ( x2 - 2x + 1 ) + ( y2 - 4y + 4 ) + 1 = ( x - 1 )2 + ( y - 2 )2 + 1 ≥ 1 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 1 ; y = 2
=> MinB = 1 <=> x = 1 ; y = 2
C = x2 - 2xy + 6y2 - 12x + 2y + 45
= ( x2 - 2xy + y2 - 12x + 12y + 36 ) + ( 5y2 - 10y + 5 ) + 4
= [ ( x2 - 2xy + y2 ) - ( 12x - 12y ) + 36 ] + 5( y2 - 2y + 1 ) + 4
= [ ( x - y )2 - 2( x - y ).6 + 62 ] + 5( y - 1 )2 + 4
= ( x - y - 6 )2 + 5( y - 1 )2 + 4 ≥ 4 ∀ x, y
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 7 ; y = 1
=> MinC = 4 <=> x = 7 ; y = 1
D = ( x - 1 )( x + 2 )( x + 3 )( x + 6 )
= [ ( x - 1 )( x + 6 ) ][ ( x + 2 )( x + 3 ) ]
= ( x2 + 5x - 6 )( x2 + 5x + 6 )
= ( x2 + 5x )2 - 36 ≥ -36 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x2 + 5x = 0
<=> x( x + 5 ) = 0
<=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
=> MinD = -36 <=> x = 0 hoặc x = -5
1) \(A=2x^2+6x=2\left(x^2+3x+\frac{9}{4}\right)-\frac{9}{2}=2\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2-\frac{9}{4}\ge-\frac{9}{4}\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(2\left(x+\frac{3}{2}\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=-\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy Min(A) = -9/4 khi x = -3/2
2) \(B=x^2-2x+y^2-4y+6\)
\(B=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+1\)
\(B=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\left(\forall x,y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-1\right)^2=0\\\left(y-2\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=2\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min(B) = 1 khi x = 1 và y = 2
3) \(C=x^2-2xy+6y^2-12x+2y+45\)
\(C=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)-12\left(x-y\right)+36+\left(5y^2-10y+5\right)+4\)
\(C=\left(x-y\right)^2-12\left(x-y\right)+36+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\)
\(C=\left(x-y-6\right)^2+5\left(y-1\right)^2+4\ge4\left(\forall x,y\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-y-6\right)^2=0\\5\left(y-1\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=7\\y=1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min(C) = 4 khi x = 7 và y = 1
4) \(D=\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+6\right)\right]\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(D=\left(x^2+5x-6\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(D=\left(x^2+5x\right)^2-36\ge-36\left(\forall x\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left(x^2+5x\right)^2=0\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=0\\x=-5\end{cases}}\)
Vậy Min(D) = -36 khi x = 0 hoặc x = -5
1)
a) \(2x^2-12x+18+2xy-6y\)
\(=2x^2-6x-6x+18+2xy-6y\)
\(=\left(2xy+2x^2-6x\right)-\left(6y+6x-18\right)\)
\(=x\left(2y+2x-6\right)-3\left(2y+2x-6\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(2y+2x-6\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-3\right)\left(y+x-3\right)\)
b) \(x^2+4x-4y^2+8y\)
\(=x^2+4x-4y^2+8y+2xy-2xy\)
\(=\left(-4y^2+2xy+8y\right)+\left(-2xy+x^2+4x\right)\)
\(=2y\left(-2y+x+4\right)+x\left(-2y+x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(2y+x\right)\left(-2y+x+4\right)\)
2) \(5x^3-3x^2+10x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2\left(5x-3\right)+2\left(5x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+2\right)\left(5x-3\right)=0\)
Mà \(x^2+2>0\Rightarrow5x-3=0\Rightarrow x=\frac{3}{5}\)
\(x^2+y^2-2x+4y+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2x+4y+4+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+2=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-2\end{cases}}\)
3)\(P\left(x\right)=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+12\)
\(P\left(x\right)=x^2+y^2-2x+6y+1+9+2\)
\(=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+6y+9\right)+2\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+3\right)^2+2\ge2\)
Vậy \(P\left(x\right)_{min}=2\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\y+3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=1\\y=-3\end{cases}}\)
Bài làm
a) 2x2 - 12x + 18 + 2xy - 6y
= 2x2 - 6x - 6x + 18 + 2xy - 6y
= ( 2xy + 2x2 - 6x ) - ( 6y + 6x - 18 )
= 2x( y + x - 3 ) - 6( y + x - 3 )
= ( 2x - 6 ) ( y + x - 3 )
# Học tốt #
\(A=x^2+2y^2+2xy+2x-4y+2020\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2+1+2x+2xy+2y\right)+\left(y^2-6y+9\right)+2010\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(y-3\right)^2+2010\ge2010\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=3\\x+y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}y=3\\x=-4\end{cases}}}\)
Vậy \(Min_A=2010\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=-4\\y=3\end{cases}}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Ta có : \(A=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)=\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+4\right)\right].\left[\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(=\left(x^2+5x+4\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
Đặt \(x^2+5x+5=t\)\(\Rightarrow A=\left(t-1\right)\left(t+1\right)=t^2-1\ge-1\)
Suy ra Min A = -1 \(\Leftrightarrow t=0\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x+5=0\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=\frac{-5+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=\frac{-5-\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{cases}}\)