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Bài 1:
a) H = \(x^2-4x+16=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)+12=\left(x-2\right)^2+12\)
Vì \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\) => H \(\ge\) 12
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=2\)
b) K = \(2x^2+9y^2-6xy-8x-12y+2018\)
= \(\left(x^2-6xy+9y^2\right)+4\left(x-3y\right)+\left(x^2-12x+36\right)+1982\)
= \(\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
= \(\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-2\right)^2+1978\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x-3y+2\right)^2\ge0\\\left(x-6\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) => K \(\ge\) 1978
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{2+x}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\) => \(x=6;y=\dfrac{8}{3}\)
Bài 2:
a) P = \(-x^2-4x+16=-\left(x^2+4x+4\right)+20\)
= \(-\left(x+2\right)^2+20\le20\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(x=-2\)
b) \(Q=-x^2+2xy-4y^2+2x+10y-2017\)
= \(-\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+3\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-2\left(x-y\right)+2005\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y\right)^2-2\left(x-y\right)+1+3\left(y-2\right)^2+2004\right]\)
= \(-\left[\left(x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y-2\right)^2\right]-2004\)
Vì \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\left(x-y-1\right)^2\le0\\3\left(y-2\right)^2\le0\end{matrix}\right.\) => Q \(\le-2004\)
=> Dấu = xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y+1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\) <=> \(x=3;y=2\)
a) \(A=x^2-4x+1=\left(x-2\right)^2-3\ge-3\)
\(minA=-3\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
b) \(B=-x^2-8x+5=-\left(x+4\right)^2+21\le21\)
\(maxB=21\Leftrightarrow x=-4\)
c) \(C=2x^2-8x+19=2\left(x-2\right)^2+11\ge11\)
\(minC=11\Leftrightarrow x=2\)
d) \(D=-3x^2-6x+1=-3\left(x+1\right)^2+4\le4\)
\(maxD=4\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
`@` `\text {Ans}`
`\downarrow`
`a)`
Thu gọn:
`P(x)=`\(5x^4 + 3x^2 - 3x^5 + 2x - x^2 - 4 +2x^5\)
`= (-3x^5 + 2x^5) + 5x^4 + (3x^2 - x^2) + 2x - 4`
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4`
`Q(x) =`\(x^5 - 4x^4 + 7x - 2 + x^2 - x^3 + 3x^4 - 2x^2\)
`= x^5 + (-4x^4 + 3x^4) - x^3 + (x^2 - 2x^2) + 7x - 2`
`= x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`@` Tổng:
`P(x)+Q(x)=`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) + (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 + x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2`
`= (-x^5 + x^5) - x^3 + (5x^4 - x^4) + (2x^2 - x^2) + (2x + 7x) + (-4-2)`
`= 4x^4 - x^3 + x^2 + 9x - 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`P(x) - Q(x) =`\((-x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4) - (x^5 - x^4 - x^3 - x^2 + 7x - 2)\)
`= -x^5 + 5x^4 + 2x^2 + 2x - 4 - x^5 + x^4 + x^3 + x^2 - 7x + 2`
`= (-x^5 - x^5) + (5x^4 + x^4) + x^3 + (2x^2 + x^2) + (2x - 7x) + (-4+2)`
`= -2x^5 + 6x^4 + x^3 + 3x^2 - 5x - 2`
`b)`
`@` Thu gọn:
\(H (x) = ( 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9) - ( 3x^5 - x^4 + 1 - x^2 + 7x)\)
`= 3x^5 - 2x^3 + 8x + 9 - 3x^5 + x^4 - 1 + x^2 - 7x`
`= (3x^5 - 3x^5) + x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + (8x + 7x) + (9+1)`
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10`
\(R( x) = x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x ( x^2 + 1) + 6x\)
`= x^4 + 7x^3 - 4 - 4x^3 - 4x + 6x`
`= x^4 + (7x^3 - 4x^3) + (-4x + 6x) - 4`
`= x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`@` Tổng:
`H(x)+R(x)=` \((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)+(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`= x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10+x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4`
`= (x^4 + x^4) + (-2x^3 + 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x + 2x) + (10-4)`
`= 2x^4 + x^3 - x^2 + 17x + 6`
`@` Hiệu:
`H(x) - R(x) =`\((x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10)-(x^4 + 3x^3 + 2x - 4)\)
`=x^4 - 2x^3 - x^2 + 15x + 10-x^4 - 3x^3 - 2x + 4`
`= (x^4 - x^4) + (-2x^3 - 3x^3) - x^2 + (15x - 2x) + (10+4)`
`= -5x^3 - x^2 + 13x + 14`
`@` `\text {# Kaizuu lv u.}`
a, Ta có : \(h\left(x\right)=f\left(x\right)+g\left(x\right)\)
hay \(h\left(x\right)=-x^5-7x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x+9+x^5+7x^4+2x^3+2x^2-3x-9\)
\(h\left(x\right)=3x^2+x\)
b, Đặt \(3x^2+x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(3x+1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy nghiệm của đa thức h(x) là x = -1/3 ; x = 0
c, Ta có : \(k\left(x\right)=f\left(x\right)-g\left(x\right)\)
hay \(k\left(x\right)=-x^5-7x^4-2x^3+x^2+4x+9-x^5-7x^4-2x^3-2x^2+3x+9\)
\(k\left(x\right)=-2x^5-14x^4-4x^3-x^2+7x+18\)
f(x)=-x5-7x4 -2x3+x2+4x+9
g(x)=x5+7x4+2x3+2x2-3x-9
Tính
a)h(x)=f(x)+g(x)
Ta có: h(x) = f(x) + g(x)
= (-x5-7x4 -2x3+x2+4x+9) + (x5+7x4+2x3+2x2-3x-9)
= (x5-x5) + (7x4-7x4) + (2x3-2x3) + (x2+2x2)+ (4x-3x) + (9-9)
=3x2+x
b)Tìm nghiệm của h(x)
h(x) = 0 <=> 3x2+x= 0
<=> x(3x+1) =0 <=> x= 0 hoặc x =-1/3
Vậy nghiệm của h(x) là x thuộc {0;-1/3}
c)k(x)=f(x)-g(x)
=(-x5-7x4 -2x3+x2+4x+9) - (x5+7x4+2x3+2x2-3x-9)
= (-x5-x5) + (-7x4-7x4) + (-2x3-2x3) + (x2-2x2) (4x+3x) + (9+9)
=-2x5-14x4 -4x3-x2+7x+19
a)h(x)=f(x)-g(x)
=(2x3 +3x2 -2x +3)-(2x3 +3x2 -7x +2)
=2x3 + 3x2 - 2x +3 - 2x3 -3x2 + 7x -2
=5x+1
b)h(x)=5x+1=0
=>5x=-1
x=\(\frac{-1}{5}\)
c. Ta có h(x) = 0 ⇒ 5x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = -1/5
Vậy nghiệm của đa thức h(x) là x = -1/5 (1 điểm)
a) H=x2 - 4x +16
<=> H=x2 -4x + 4 + 12
<=> H=(x-2)2 +12 \(\ge12\)
Vậy Min H = 12
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=2
\(K=x^2-6xy+9y^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+4+x^2-12x+36+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y\right)^2+4\left(x-3y\right)+2^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\)
\(K=\left(x-3y+2\right)^2+\left(x-6\right)^2+1978\ge1978\)
Vậy Min K =1978
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3y+2=0\\x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=\dfrac{8}{3}\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)