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\(M=x-\sqrt{x}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)
\(=\left(\sqrt{x}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}>=\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi x=0
a) Ta có: \(M=\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-2}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\right)\cdot\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\right)\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-\left(x-2\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{7-\sqrt{x}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x-9-x+\sqrt{x}+2}{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\cdot\dfrac{1}{-\left(\sqrt{x}-7\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-7}{\sqrt{x}-2}\cdot\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-7}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)(1)
b) Ta có: \(x^2-4x=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x-4\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(nhận\right)\\x=4\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay x=0 vào biểu thức (1), ta được:
\(M=\dfrac{-1}{\sqrt{0}-2}=\dfrac{-1}{-2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Vậy: Khi \(x^2-4x=0\) thì \(M=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(A=\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}+10+\sqrt{x}+3}{x-9}=\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+13}{x-9}\)
Để A>B thì A-B>0
=>\(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+13}{x-9}-\sqrt{x}-1>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+13-\left(x-9\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{x-9}>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}+13-x\sqrt{x}-x+9\sqrt{x}+9}{x-9}>0\)
=>\(\dfrac{-x\sqrt{x}+11\sqrt{x}+22}{x-9}>0\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x\sqrt{x}+11\sqrt{x}+22>0\\x-9>0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}< 4.05\\x>9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow9< x< 16.4025\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x\sqrt{x}+11\sqrt{x}+22< 0\\x-9< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}>4.05\\0< x< 9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(y+\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\left(\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)^2}_{ }+\sqrt{\left(z-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\ge.\)
\(\sqrt{\left(x+y+1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(z-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z-1\right)^2+12}=4.\)
Sử dụng Minkowski,
ta có:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)
ta thấy: \(\sqrt{x}\ge0\rightarrow\sqrt{x}+1\ge1\\ \rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\le1\\ \rightarrow\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\le2\\ \rightarrow\dfrac{-2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge-2\\ \rightarrow1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge1-2=-1\\ \rightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\ge-1\)
dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = 0
vậy tại x = 0 thì GTNN của \(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\) bằng -1