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\(P=\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{1}{3y}=\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{3}}{y}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\right)^2}{x+y}=\dfrac{\dfrac{16}{3}}{\dfrac{4}{3}}=4\)
\(min_P=4\Leftrightarrow x=1;y=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(P=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+xy-x-y+1+2012=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)+2012\)
\(P=\left(\left(x-1\right)^2-\left(x-1\right)\left(y-1\right)+\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{4}\right)+\frac{3\left(y-1\right)^2}{4}+2012=\left(x-1-\frac{y-1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3\left(y-1\right)^2}{4}+2012\ge2012\)
=> Min P=2012 <=> \(\frac{2x-2-y+1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow2x-y-1=0\) và \(\frac{3\left(y-1\right)^2}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow y=1\)=> \(2x-1-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
\(3y^2+x^2+2xy+2x+6y+2017=x^2+2x\left(y+1\right)+\left(y+1\right)^2+\left(2y^2+4y+2\right)+2014\)
\(=\left(x+y+1\right)^2+2\left(y+1\right)^2+2014\ge2014\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+1=0\\y+1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=0\\y=-1\end{cases}}\)
Vậy BT đạt GTNN bằng 2014 tại (x;y) = (0;-1)
- \(B=\left(4x^2+3y\right)\left(4y^2+3x\right)+25xy=16x^2y^2+12\left(x^3+y^3\right)+34xy\)
\(=16x^2y^2+12\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2-xy+y^2\right)+34xy\)
\(=16x^2y^2+12\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]+22xy\)
\(=16x^2y^2-2xy+12\)
Đặt \(t=xy\) thì \(B=16t^2-2t+12=16\left(t-\frac{1}{16}\right)^2+\frac{191}{16}\ge\frac{191}{16}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y=1\\xy=\frac{1}{16}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\\y=\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\end{cases}}\) hoặc \(\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\\y=\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\end{cases}}\)
Vậy min B \(=\frac{191}{16}\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4}\right);\left(\frac{2-\sqrt{3}}{4};\frac{2+\sqrt{3}}{4}\right)\)
- Như trên ta có : \(B=16\left(xy-\frac{1}{16}\right)^2+\frac{191}{16}\)
Mặt khác, áp dụng BĐT Cauchy , ta có : \(1=x+y\ge2\sqrt{xy}\Rightarrow xy\le\frac{1}{4}\)
Suy ra : \(B\le16\left(\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{16}\right)^2+\frac{191}{16}=\frac{25}{2}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = 1/2
Vậy max B = 25/2 khi (x;y) = (1/2;1/2)
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x},b=\sqrt{y}\) thì \(a,b\ge0\)
\(P=a^2-2ab+3b^2-2a+2004,5=\left(\frac{a^2}{3}-2ab+3b^2\right)+\left(\frac{2}{3}a^2-2a+\frac{3}{2}\right)+2003\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}b\right)^2+\frac{2}{3}\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+2003\ge2003\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 3/2 , b = 1/2
Vậy Min P = 2003 khi x = 9/4 , y = 1/4
Đặt \(a=\sqrt{x},b=\sqrt{y}\) thì \(a,b\ge0\)
\(P=a^2-2ab+3b^2-2a+2004,5=\left(\frac{a^2}{3}-2ab+3b^2\right)+\left(\frac{2}{3}a^2-2a+\frac{3}{2}\right)+2003\)
\(=\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{3}}-\sqrt{3}b\right)^2+\frac{2}{3}\left(a-\frac{3}{2}\right)^2+2003\ge2003\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a = 3/2 , b = 1/2
Vậy Min P = 2003 khi x = 9/4 , y = 1/4