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\(B=\left(x^2+y^2+4+2xy-4x-4y\right)+\left(x^2+z^2+1+2xz-2x-2z\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)+4\)
\(B=\left(x+y-2\right)^2+\left(x+z-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+4\ge4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-2=0\\x+z-1=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\y=2\\z=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(Q=x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2xy-2yz-2xz-2y+4z+5=\left[\left(x^2+2xy+y^2\right)-2z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]+\left(y^2-2y+1\right)+\left(z^2+4z+4\right)=\left(x+y-z\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z+2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(minQ=0\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\\z=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
`Q=x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2xy-2yz-2xz-2y+4z+5`
`Q=(x^2+y^2-z^2+2xy-2yz-2xz)+(y^2-2y+1)+(z^2+4z+4)`
`Q=(x+y-z)^2+(y-1)^2+(z+2)^2`
Ta thấy :
`(x+y-z)^2>=0`
`(y-1)^2>=0`
`(z+2)^2>=0`
`=>(x+y-z)^2+(y-1)^2+(z+2)^2>=0`
Dấu = xảy ra
`<=>` $\begin{cases}x+y-z=0\\y-1=0\\z+2=0\end{cases}$
`<=>` $\begin{cases}x=-3\\y=1\\z=-2\end{cases}$
\(A=x^2-2xy+2y^2-4y+5\\=(x^2-2xy+y^2)+(y^2-4y+4)+1\\=(x-y)^2+(y-2)^2+1\)
Ta thấy: \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall y\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2\ge0\forall x;y\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2+1\ge1\forall x;y\)
Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\y-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=y=2\)
Vậy \(Min_A=1\) khi \(x=y=2\).
$Toru$
\(a,=3\left(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\dfrac{1}{4}=3\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(b,=\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2+4y+4\right)+1=\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y+2\right)^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(c,=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+x^2+1=\left(x-y\right)^2+x^2+1\ge1\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=0\)
A = x 2 + 2 y 2 – 2 x y + 2 x – 10 y ⇔ A = x 2 + y 2 + 1 – 2 x y + 2 x – 2 y + y 2 – 8 y + 16 – 17 ⇔ A = ( x 2 + y 2 + 12 – 2 . x . y + 2 . x . 1 – 2 . y . 1 ) + ( y 2 – 2 . 4 . y + 4 2 ) – 17 ⇔ A = ( x – y + 1 ) 2 + ( y – 4 ) 2 – 17
Vì với mọi x; y nên A ≥ -17 với mọi x; y
=> A = -17
⇔ x − y + 1 = 0 y − 4 = 0 ⇔ x = y − 1 y = 4 ⇔ x = 3 y = 4
Vậy A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là A = -17 tại x = 3 y = 4
Đáp án cần chọn là: B
A = x 2 + 2 y 2 – 2 x y + 2 x – 10 y ⇔ A = x 2 + y 2 + 1 – 2 x y + 2 x – 2 y + y 2 – 8 y + 16 – 17 ⇔ A = ( x 2 + y 2 + 1 2 – 2 . x . y + 2 . x . 1 – 2 . y . 1 ) + ( y 2 – 2 . 4 . y + 4 2 ) – 17 ⇔ A = ( x – y + 1 ) 2 + ( y – 4 ) 2 – 17
Vì x - y + 1 2 ≥ 0 y - 4 2 ≥ 0 với mọi x, y nên A ≥ -17 với mọi x, y
=> A = -17 ó x - y + 1 = 0 y - 4 = 0 ó x = y - 1 y = 4 ó x = 3 y = 4
Vậy A đạt giá trị nhỏ nhất là A = -17 tại x = 3 y = 4
Đáp án cần chọn là: C
\(A=\left[\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2\left(x-y\right)+1\right]+\left(y^2-8y+16\right)-17\\ A=\left(x-y+1\right)^2+\left(y-4\right)^2-17\ge-17\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+1=0\\y-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y-1=3\\y=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Q = x 2 + 2 y 2 + 2 x y − 2 x − 6 y + 2015 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x − 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x 2 + 2 x y + y 2 − 2 x + 2 y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y 2 − 2 x + y + 1 + y 2 − 4 y + 4 + 2010 = x + y − 1 2 + y − 2 2 + 2010
\(A=\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+4\\ A=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+4\ge4\\ A_{min}=4\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=0\\x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=1\)
\(A=2x^2+2y^2+z^2+2xy-2xz-2yz-2x-4y\)
\(A=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy-2xz-2yz\right)+\left(x^2-2x+1\right)+\left(y^2-4y+4\right)-5\)
\(A=\left(z-y-x\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-2\right)^2-5\ge-5\)
\(\Rightarrow MINA=5\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\\z=3\end{matrix}\right.\)