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\(y\ge1+xy\Rightarrow1\ge\dfrac{1}{y}+x\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x}{y}}\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{y}\le4\Rightarrow\dfrac{y}{x}\ge4\)
\(G=\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{x}=\left(\dfrac{x}{y}+\dfrac{y}{16x}\right)+\dfrac{15}{16}.\dfrac{y}{x}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{16xy}}+\dfrac{15}{16}.4=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};2\right)\)
\(M=x^2+y^2-xy-x+y+1\)
\(4M=4x^2+4y^2-4xy-4x+4y+4\)
\(=\left(4x^2+y^2+1-4xy-4x+2y\right)+\left(3y^2+2y+3\right)\)
\(=\left(2x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y^2+\dfrac{2}{3}y+\dfrac{1}{9}\right)+\dfrac{8}{3}\)
\(=\left(2x-y-1\right)^2+3\left(y+\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{8}{3}\ge\dfrac{8}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow M\ge\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-y-1=0\\y+\dfrac{1}{3}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{3}\\y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MinM=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
Ta có:
\(2A=2x^2+2y^2-2x-2y-2xy\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2-2\ge-2\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge-1\)
Ta nhân 2 thì ta có 2x^2+2y^2-2x-2y-2xy ghep (x2-2xy+y2);(x2-2x+1);(y2-2y+1)vậy min=-1