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a, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\forall x,y>0\)
Ta có: \(A=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(2+4\right)^2}{2}=18\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b, Áp dụng \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\)
Áp dụng \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\forall x,y,z>0\)
Ta có: \(B=\left(1+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(1+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)^2}{3}\ge\frac{\left(3+6\right)^2}{3}=27\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
* Các BĐT phụ bạn tự CM nha! Chúc bạn học tốt
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
a.
\(A=\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}=\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge\frac{4}{a^2+2ab+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\ge\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=6\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
b.
\(B=\frac{2}{ab}+\frac{3}{a^2+b^2}=3\left(\frac{1}{a^2+b^2}+\frac{1}{2ab}\right)+\frac{1}{2ab}\)
\(\ge3\cdot\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}}=14\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
c.
Ta có:
\(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\) với mọi x,y
Áp dụng ta có:
\(C=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\ge\frac{\left(1+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}=\frac{25}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
2.
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Bunhiacopxki ta có:
\(\left[\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y}\right)^2\right]\left[\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}\right)^2+\left(\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\right]\ge\left(\sqrt{x}\cdot\frac{a}{\sqrt{x}}+\sqrt{y}\cdot\frac{b}{\sqrt{y}}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)\left(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}\)
Áp dụng nó ta chứng minh được:
\(\frac{a^2}{x}+\frac{b^2}{y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{x+y}+\frac{c^2}{z}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng vào bài làm:
\(D=\frac{a}{b+c}+\frac{b}{c+a}+\frac{c}{a+b}=\frac{a^2}{ab+ca}+\frac{b^2}{bc+ab}+\frac{c^2}{ca+bc}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+ca+bc+ab+ca+bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Bài làm:
Bài 1:
Ta có: \(T=8x^2-4x+\frac{1}{4x^2}+15\)
\(=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(4x^2+\frac{1}{4x^2}\right)+14\)
\(=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(4x^2+\frac{1}{4x^2}\right)+14\)\(\ge0+2\sqrt{4x^2.\frac{1}{4x^2}}+14=2+14=16\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(2x-1\right)^2=0\\4x^2=\frac{1}{4x^2}\end{cases}\Rightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}}\)
Vậy \(Min\left(T\right)=16\)khi \(x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Bài 2:
Ta có: \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}=3\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=3\left(1\right)\)
Ta xét \(\frac{a^2}{c\left(c^2+a^2\right)}=\frac{\left(c^2+a^2\right)-c^2}{c\left(c^2+a^2\right)}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{c}{c^2+a^2}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a}.\frac{ac}{c^2+a^2}\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a}.\frac{ac}{2ac}=\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}a\)
Tương tự ta chứng minh được: \(\frac{b^2}{a\left(a^2+b^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}b\)và \(\frac{c^2}{b\left(b^2+c^2\right)}\ge\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}c\)
Cộng vế 3 bất đẳng thức trên lại ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{2}a+\frac{1}{a}-\frac{1}{2}b+\frac{1}{b}-\frac{1}{2}c\)\(=\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)-\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=\frac{1}{2}.3=\frac{3}{2}\left(theo\left(1\right)\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=b^2\\b^2=c^2\\c^2=a^2\end{cases}\Rightarrow a=b=c=1}\)
Vậy \(Min\left(P\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Học tốt!!!!
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Ta có : a>0 \(\Rightarrow a+1>1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{a+1}< \frac{a^2}{1}=a^2\)
Ta có :b>0\(\Rightarrow b+1>1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b^2}{b+1}< \frac{b^2}{1}=b^2\)
\(\Rightarrow A< a^2+b^2\)
vì a;b>0\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}>=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+1+b+1}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}\)(bđt cauchy schawarz dạng engel)
dấu = xảy ra khi \(\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{b}{b+1}\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2-4+4}{a+b+2}=\frac{\left(a+b-2\right)\left(a+b+2\right)+4}{a+b+2}=a+b-2+\frac{4}{a+b+2}\)
\(=a+b+2+\frac{4}{a+b+2}-4>=2\sqrt{\frac{\left(a+b+2\right)4}{a+b+2}}-4=2\cdot2-4=4-4=0\)(bđt cosi)
dáu = xảy ra khi \(a+b+2=\frac{4}{a+b+2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+2\right)^2=4\Rightarrow a+b+2=2\Rightarrow a+b=0\)\(\Rightarrow A>=\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}>=0\Rightarrow\)min A là 0
vậy min A là 0 khi \(\frac{a}{a+1}=\frac{b}{b+1};a+b=0\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
Cho a,b,c > 0 thỏa mãn a+b+c=1. Tìm Min \(\frac{1}{a+2}+\frac{1}{b+2}+\frac{1}{c+2}+\frac{1}{9abc}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A\ge\frac{9}{a+2+b+2+c+2}+\frac{1}{9abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge\frac{9}{7}+\frac{1}{9abc}\)
Theo BĐT AM-GM ta có: \(1=a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\)
\(\Rightarrow abc\le\frac{1}{27}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{9abc}\ge3\)
Do đó ta có:
\(A\ge\frac{9}{7}+3=\frac{30}{7}\)
![](https://rs.olm.vn/images/avt/0.png?1311)
\(A=\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}\)
\(A\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{16}{\left(a+b\right)^2}}=\sqrt{17}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=2\)
Ta có: \(A=\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}=\frac{a^2}{b-1}+4\left(b-1\right)+\frac{b^2}{a-1}+4\left(a-1\right)-4a-4b+8\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\frac{4a^2\left(b-1\right)}{b-1}}+2\sqrt{\frac{4b^2\left(a-1\right)}{\left(a-1\right)}}-4a-4a+8\)
\(=4a+4b-4a-4b+8=8\)\(\Rightarrow A\ge8\)
Vậy Min A = 8. Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=2.
Neko làm đúng rồi đấy =)))) Làm theo kiểu bình thường nè
Điều kiện a,b khác 1 a,b>0
\(A=\frac{a^2}{b-1}+\frac{b^2}{a-1}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{b-1}.\frac{b^2}{a-1}}\)( BĐT cosi như hồi tối đã nói nhé :3 đọc lại ib hồi tối để hiểu rõ hơn )
\(A=2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a-1}.\frac{b^2}{b-1}}=2.\frac{a}{\sqrt{a-1}}.\frac{b}{\sqrt{b-1}}\)
\(A=2.\frac{a-1+1}{\sqrt{a-1}}.\frac{b-1+1}{\sqrt{b-1}}\)
\(A=2.\left(\sqrt{a-1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}\right).\left(\sqrt{b-1}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}\right)\)\(\ge2.2\sqrt{\sqrt{a-1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}}.2\sqrt{\sqrt{b-1}.\frac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}}\)\(=2.2.2=8\)
Dẫu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a-1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a-1}}\\\sqrt{b-1}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{b-1}}\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a-1=1\\b-1=1\end{cases}}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=2\left(n\right)\)
Vậy GTNN của A = 8 khi a=b=2
Dùng cosi 2 lần =)) nếu thấy là m sẽ giỏi