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1
\(A=\frac{2019^{2019}+1}{2019^{2020}+1}< \frac{2019^{2019}+1+2018}{2019^{2020}+1+2018}=\frac{2019^{2019}+2019}{2019^{2020}+2019}=\frac{2019\left(2019^{2018}+1\right)}{2019\left(2019^{2019}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{2019^{2018}+1}{2019^{2019}+1}\)
2
\(M=\frac{100^{101}+1}{100^{100}+1}< \frac{100^{101}+1+99}{100^{100}+1+99}=\frac{100^{101}+100}{100^{100}+100}=\frac{100\left(100^{100}+1\right)}{100\left(100^{99}+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{100^{100}+1}{100^{99}+1}=N\)
M= \(\frac{100^{100}+1}{100^{99}+1}=\frac{100^{100}+100-99}{100^{99}+1}=\frac{100^{100}+100}{100^{99}+1}-\frac{99}{100^{99}+1}=\frac{100.\left(100^{99}+1\right)}{100^{99}+1}-\frac{99}{100^{99}+1}\)
\(=100-\frac{99}{100^{99}+1}\)
N= \(\frac{100^{101}+1}{100^{100}+1}=\frac{100^{101}+100-99}{100^{100}+1}=\frac{100^{101}+100}{100^{100}+1}-\frac{99}{100^{100}+1}\)
\(=\frac{100.\left(100^{100}+1\right)}{100^{100}+1}-\frac{99}{100^{100}+1}=100-\frac{99}{100^{100}+1}\)
Vi 100100+1>10099+1
=> \(\frac{99}{100^{99}+1}>\frac{99}{100^{100}+1}\)
=> \(100-\frac{99}{100^{99}+1}<100-\frac{99}{100^{100}+1}\)
=> M<N
a) Áp dụng \(\frac{a}{b}< 1\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}< \frac{a+m}{b+m}\) (a;b;m \(\in\) N*)
Ta có:
\(A=\frac{2008^{2008}+1}{2008^{2009}+1}< \frac{2008^{2008}+1+2007}{2009^{2009}+1+2007}\)
\(A< \frac{2008^{2008}+2008}{2008^{2009}+2008}\)
\(A< \frac{2008.\left(2008^{2007}+1\right)}{2008.\left(2008^{2008}+1\right)}=\frac{2008^{2007}+1}{2008^{2008}+1}=B\)
=> A < B
b) Áp dụng \(\frac{a}{b}>1\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{b}>\frac{a+m}{b+m}\) (a;b;m \(\in\) N*)
Ta có:
\(N=\frac{100^{101}+1}{100^{100}+1}>\frac{100^{101}+1+99}{100^{100}+1+99}\)
\(N>\frac{100^{101}+100}{100^{100}+100}\)
\(N>\frac{100.\left(100^{100}+1\right)}{100.\left(100^{99}+1\right)}=\frac{100^{100}+1}{100^{99}+1}=M\)
=> M > N
\(A=\dfrac{10^{99}+1}{10^{100}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10A=\dfrac{10\left(10^{99}+1\right)}{10^{100}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10A=\dfrac{10^{100}+10}{10^{100}+1}=\dfrac{10^{100}+1+9}{10^{100}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{100}+1}\)
\(B=\dfrac{10^{100}+1}{10^{101}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10B=\dfrac{10\left(10^{100}+1\right)}{10^{101}+1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10B=\dfrac{10^{101}+10}{10^{101}+1}=\dfrac{10^{101}+1+9}{10^{101}+1}=1+\dfrac{9}{10^{101}+1}\)
Do \(\dfrac{9}{10^{100}+1}>\dfrac{9}{10^{101}+1}\) nên \(10A>10B\)
\(\Rightarrow A>B\)
Áp dụng tính chất:
\(\dfrac{a}{b}< 1\Rightarrow\dfrac{a+m}{b+m}< 1\left(m\in N\right)\)
\(B=\dfrac{10^{100}+1}{10^{101}+1}< 1\)
\(B< \dfrac{10^{100}+1+9}{10^{101}+1+9}\)
\(B< \dfrac{10^{100}+10}{10^{101}+10}\)
\(B< \dfrac{10\left(10^{99}+1\right)}{10\left(10^{100}+1\right)}\)
\(B< \dfrac{10^{99}+1}{10^{100}+1}=A\)
\(B< A\)
\(\dfrac{a_1-1}{100}=\dfrac{a_2-2}{99}=\dfrac{a_3-3}{98}=....=\dfrac{a_{100}-100}{1}\\ =\dfrac{a_1-1+a_2-2+a_3-3+....+a_{100}-100}{1+2+....+100}\\ =\dfrac{\left(a_1+a_2+....+a_{100}\right)-\left(1+2+3+....+100\right)}{5050}=\dfrac{10100-5050}{5050}\\ =\dfrac{5050}{5050}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow a_{100}-100=1\\ \Leftrightarrow a_{100}=101\)
Bài 1:
-Áp dụng tính chất của dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có:
a1aa1−1100=a2−299=a3−398=...=a100−1001a1−1100=a2−299=a3−398=...=a100−1001
Bạn công tất cả các số lại sẽ ra.
a) +) Có \(A=\frac{13^{15}+1}{13^{16}+1}\)=> 13A = \(\frac{13\left(13^{15}+1\right)}{13^{16}+1}\)
= \(\frac{13^{16}+13}{13^{16}+1}=\frac{13^{16}+1+12}{13^{16}+1}=1+\frac{12}{13^{16}+1}\)(1)
+) Có \(B=\frac{13^{16}+1}{13^{17}+1}\)=> 13B =\(\frac{13\left(13^{16}+1\right)}{13^{17}+1}\)
=\(\frac{13^{17}+13}{13^{17}+1}=1+\frac{12}{13^{17}+1}\)(2)
+) Từ (1) và (2) => \(1+\frac{12}{13^{16}+1}>1+\frac{12}{13^{17}+1}\)
<=> 13A>13B <=> A> B
b) +) Có A=\(\frac{1999^{1999}+1}{1999^{1998}+1}\) => \(\frac{A}{1999}=\frac{1999^{1999}+1}{1999^{1999}+1999}=\frac{1999^{1999}+1999-1998}{1999^{1999}+1999}\)
=\(1-\frac{1998}{1999^{1999}+1999}\) (1)
+) Có B =\(\frac{1999^{2000}+1}{1999^{1999}+1}\)
=> \(\frac{B}{1999}=\frac{1999^{2000}+1}{1999^{2000}+1999}=1-\frac{1998}{1999^{2000}+1999}\)(2)
+) Từ (1) và (2) => \(1-\frac{1998}{1999^{1999}+1999}\)< \(1-\frac{1998}{1999^{2000}+1999}\)
<=> \(\frac{A}{1999}< \frac{B}{1999}\) <=> A< B
c: \(\dfrac{A}{10}=\dfrac{100^{100}+1}{100^{100}+10}=1-\dfrac{9}{100^{100}+10}\)
\(\dfrac{B}{10}=\dfrac{100^{69}+1}{100^{69}+10}=1-\dfrac{9}{100^{69}+10}\)
Ta có: 100^100+10>100^69+10
=>-9/(100^100+10)<-9/(100^69+10)
=>A/10<B/10
=>A<B
\(A=1+\dfrac{3}{2^3}+\dfrac{4}{2^4}+...+\dfrac{99}{2^{99}}+\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A=2+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\dfrac{4}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{99}{2^{98}}+\dfrac{100}{2^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow2A-A=\left(2+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\dfrac{4}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{99}{2^{98}}+\dfrac{100}{2^{99}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{3}{2^3}+\dfrac{4}{2^4}+...+\dfrac{99}{2^{99}}+\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\left(2-1\right)+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\left(\dfrac{4}{2^3}-\dfrac{3}{2^3}\right)+....\left(\dfrac{99}{2^{98}}-\dfrac{98}{2^{98}}\right)-\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{98}}-\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\left(\dfrac{1}{2^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{2^{98}}\right)-\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+\dfrac{3}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{2^2}-\dfrac{1}{2^{99}}-\dfrac{100}{2^{100}}\)
\(\dfrac{M}{100}=\dfrac{100^{100}+1}{100.\left(100^{99}+1\right)}=\dfrac{100^{100}+1}{100^{100}+100}=\dfrac{100^{100}+100-99}{100^{100}+100}=1-\dfrac{99}{100^{100}+100}\)
\(\dfrac{N}{100}=\dfrac{100^{101}+1}{100.\left(100^{100}+1\right)}=\dfrac{100^{101}+1}{100^{101}+100}=\dfrac{100^{101}+100-99}{100^{101}+100}=1-\dfrac{99}{100^{101}+100}\)
Do \(100^{101}>100^{100}\)nên \(100^{101}+100>100^{100}+100\)
\(\Rightarrow-\dfrac{99}{100^{101}+100}>-\dfrac{99}{100^{100}+100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{M}{100}>\dfrac{N}{100}\Rightarrow M>N\)