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a) \(S=5+5^2+...+5^{2006}\)
\(5S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2007}\)
\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2007}-5-5^2-5^3-...-5^{2006}\)
\(4S=5^{2007}-5\)
\(S=\dfrac{5^{2007}-5}{4}\)
b) \(S=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2006}\)
\(S=\left(5+5^4\right)+\left(5^2+5^5\right)+...+\left(5^{2003}+5^{2006}\right)\)
\(S=5\cdot\left(1+5^3\right)+5^2\cdot\left(1+5^3\right)+...+5^{2003}\cdot\left(1+5^3\right)\)
\(S=\left(1+5^3\right)\cdot\left(5+5^2+...+5^{2003}\right)\)
\(S=126\cdot\left(5+5^2+...+5^{2003}\right)\) ⋮ 126
\(B=3+3^2+3^3+3^4+...+3^{2009}+3^{2010}\)
\(=\left(3+3^2\right)+\left(3^3+3^4\right)+...+\left(3^{2009}+3^{2010}\right)\)
\(=3\left(1+3\right)+3^3\left(1+3\right)+...+3^{2009}\left(1+3\right)\)
\(=4.\left(3+3^3+...+3^{2009}\right)\)
⇒ \(B\) ⋮ 4
b: \(C=5\left(1+5+5^2\right)+...+5^{2008}\left(1+5+5^2\right)=31\cdot\left(5+...+5^{2008}\right)⋮31\)
\(S=5+5^2+5^3+...+5^{2020}+5^{2021}\)
=>\(5\cdot S=5^2+5^3+5^4+...+5^{2021}+5^{2022}\)
=>\(5S-S=5^2+5^3+...+5^{2021}+5^{2022}-5-5^2-5^3-...-5^{2020}-5^{2021}\)
=>\(4S=5^{2022}-5\)
=>\(4S+5=5^{2022}\)
Ta có :
S= 1/51 +1/52 +..+1/100
Vì 1/51>1/52>...>1/100
=> S >1/100 * 50 =1/2 (1)
Vì 1/100 <1/99<...<1/51<1/50
=> S < 1/50 * 50=1 (2)
Từ (1),(2) => 1/2 < S<1
P=1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018
2P=1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017
=> 2P-P= (1/2 +1/2^2 +...+1/2^2017)-(1/2^2+1/2^3+...+1/2^2018 )
=> P=1/2 -1/2^2018 <1/2 <3/4
Ta có: \(\frac{1}{51}>\frac{1}{100};\frac{1}{52}>\frac{1}{100};...;\frac{1}{100}=\frac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}>\frac{1}{100}.50=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{51}< \frac{1}{50};\frac{1}{52}< \frac{1}{50};...;\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{51}+\frac{1}{52}+...+\frac{1}{100}< \frac{1}{50}.50=1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
Ta có
\(5S=5^2+5^3+..+5^{2007}=\left(5+5^2+5^3+..+5^{2006}\right)+5^{2007}-5\)
hay \(5S=S+5^{2007}-5\Rightarrow S=\frac{5^{2007}-5}{4}\)
mà
\(S=\left(5+5^4\right)+\left(5^2+5^5\right)+\left(5^3+5^6\right)+\left(5^7+5^{10}\right)..+\left(5^{2001}+5^{2004}\right)+\left(5^{2005}+5^{2006}\right)\)
hay \(S=126.5+126.5^2+126.5^3+126.5^7+...+126.5^{2001}+6.5^{2005}\)
mà rõ ràng \(126.5+126.5^2+126.5^3+126.5^7+...+126.5^{2001}\)chia hết cho 126
còn \(6.5^{2005}\) không chia hết cho 126 nên S không chia hết cho 126.
S=(5+52+53+54+55+56)+...+(591+592+593+594+595+596)S=(5+52+53+54+55+56)+...+(591+592+593+594+595+596)
=5(1+5+52+53+54+55)+...+591(1+52+53+54+55)=5.3906+...+591.3906=3906(5+...+596)=3.126(5+...+591)=5(1+5+52+53+54+55)+...+591(1+52+53+54+55)=5.3906+...+591.3906=3906(5+...+596)=3.126(5+...+591)
chia hết cho 126