Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each...

DM

Dương Minh

7 tháng 11 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

All of the following are mentioned as potential negative reactions to transfusion EXCEPT______.

A. Sensitivity to donor leukocytes

B. Air bubbles in the blood

C. Allergies

D. Red-cell incompatibility

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

7 tháng 11 2019

ĐÁP ÁN B

Tất cả những điều sau đây được đề cập như là những phản ứng phụ có thể xảy ra đối với truyền máu TRỪ______.

A. Nhạy cảm với bạch cầu B. Bong bóng khí trong máu

C. Dị ứng D. Sự không tương thích của hồng cầu

Thông tin: Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. (Phản ứng phụ của truyền máu không phải là bất thường. Người nhận có thể bị phản ứng dị ứng hoặc nhạy cảm với bạch cầu. Một số có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự không tương thích của các tế bào hồng cầu không bị phát hiện.)

=> Chỉ có phương án B không được đề cập

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DM

Dương Minh

21 tháng 3 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

What can the phrase "go to great length" best replaced by?

A. irradiate

B. test rigorously

C. monitor routinely

D. removed

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

21 tháng 3 2019

ĐÁP ÁN B

Cụm từ "go to great length" có thể được thay thế tốt nhất bằng?

A. chiếu xạ B. theo dõi một cách nghiêm ngặt

C. theo dõi thường xuyên D. loại bỏ

Thông tin: Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. (Ngày nay, các bệnh viện và ngân hàng máu nghiêm ngặt theo dõi những người hiến máu và máu của họ.)

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DM

Dương Minh

18 tháng 3 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

What answer choice is closest in meaning to the word "undetected"?

A. not illustrated

B. not captured

C. not found

D. not wanted

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

18 tháng 3 2017

ĐÁP ÁN C

Từ nào gần nghĩa nhất với từ "undetected"?

A. không minh họa B. không bị bắt

C. không tìm thấy D. không muốn

Thông tin: Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. (Một số có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự không tương thích của các tế bào hồng cầu không bị phát hiện. Các phản ứng không giải thích được cũng khá phổ biến.)

=> "undetected": không bị phát hiện

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DM

Dương Minh

25 tháng 3 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

What does the author imply in the passage?

A. Donating blood benefits mankind.

B. Clotting cannot be prevented.

C. Freezing blood destroys platelets.

D. Transfusing blood is a dangerous process.

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

25 tháng 3 2019

ĐÁP ÁN A

Tác giả có ý gì trong đoạn văn?

A. Hiến máu có lợi cho nhân loại.

B. Không thể ngăn ngừa đông máu.

C. Làm đông máu sẽ phá hủy tiểu cầu.

D. Truyền máu là một quá trình nguy hiểm.

Thông tin: The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health. (Khả năng lưu trữ máu trong thời gian dài là một lợi ích cho sức khỏe con người.)

Mọi người đã hiến máu từ đầu thế kỷ XX để giúp người bị tai nạn và bệnh nhân trải qua các thủ tục phẫu thuật. Thông thường, một lượng máu được hiến tặng, sau đó chia thành tiểu cầu, bạch cầu và hồng cầu. Mọi người có thể hiến máu (đối với hồng cầu) khoảng hai tháng một lần. Truyền máu từ người hiến tặng cho người nhận là điều đơn giản. Nó bao gồm lấy máu từ tĩnh mạch cánh tay của người hiến tặng bằng ống tiêm dưới da. Máu chảy qua ống nhựa vào túi hoặc chai chứa natri citrat, giúp ngăn máu đông. Khi máu được truyền cho bệnh nhân, một ống nhựa và kim dưới da được nối với cánh tay của người nhận. Máu chảy xuống từ bình chứa bằng trọng lực. Đây là một quá trình chậm và có thể kéo dài đến 2 giờ để hoàn thành truyền máu vào cho người nhận. Bệnh nhân được bảo vệ khỏi bị nhiễm bệnh trong quá trình truyền máu. Chỉ sử dụng các bình chứa, ống và kim vô trùng, điều này giúp đảm bảo rằng máu truyền hoặc lưu trữ không bị nhiễm vi khuẩn gây bệnh. Phản ứng phụ của việc truyền máu không phải là bất thường. Người nhận có thể bị dị ứng hoặc nhạy cảm với bạch cầu. Một số có thể bị ảnh hưởng bởi sự không tương thích của các tế bào hồng cầu không bị phát hiện. Các phản ứng không giải thích được cũng khá phổ biến. Mặc dù hiếm gặp, các nguyên nhân khác của phản ứng phụ như máu bị nhiễm trùng, bong bóng không khí trong máu, quá tải hệ thống tuần hoàn thông qua việc dùng quá mức máu, hoặc nhạy cảm với huyết tương hoặc tiểu cầu. Ngày nay, các bệnh viện và ngân hàng máu theo dõi nghiêm ngặt những người hiến máu và máu của họ. Tất cả máu hiến tặng đều được kiểm tra nghiêm ngặt và nghiêm túc để kiểm tra các bệnh như HIV, viêm gan B và giang mai. Khi người nhận là trẻ sơ sinh hoặc trẻ nhỏ, máu thường được chiếu xạ để loại bỏ các yếu tố gây hại. Máu đã được hiến được làm sạch, và lấy ra bạch cầu và tiểu cầu. Lưu trữ máu đôi khi đòi hỏi quá trình đông lạnh. Để làm đông các hồng cầu, một dung dịch glycerol được thêm vào. Để giải đông, glycerolis được loại bỏ. Khả năng lưu trữ máu trong thời gian dài là một lợi ích cho sức khỏe con người.

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DM

Dương Minh

25 tháng 3 2017

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

The word "it" refers to_________.

A. surgical procedures

B. accident victims

C. a pint of whole blood

D. surgery patients

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

25 tháng 3 2017

ĐÁP ÁN C

CHỦ ĐỀ VOLUNTEER WORK

Từ “it” dùng để chỉ_________.

A. thủ tục phẫu thuật B. người bị tai nạn

C. một lượng máu D. bệnh nhân phẫu thuật

Thông tin: Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. (Thông thường, một lượng máu được hiến tặng, sau đó chia thành tiểu cầu, bạch cầu và hồng cầu.)

=> "it" chỉ "a pint of whole blood"

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DM

Dương Minh

27 tháng 2 2019

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the...

Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells] about once every two months. Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor's arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows through a plastic tube to a collection bag or bottle that contains sodium citrate, which prevents the blood from clotting. When the blood is given to a patient, a plastic tube and hypodermic needle are connected to the recipient's arm. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria. Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common, Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets. Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed. Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about blood transfused to infants and newborns?

A. It is treated with radiant energy.

B. It is not treated differently from adults.

C. It is not dangerous for children.

D. It is rigorously tested as blood for adults.

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

27 tháng 2 2019

ĐÁP ÁN A

Dựa vào những thông tin trong đoạn văn, có thể suy ra những gì về truyền máu cho trẻ sơ sinh và trẻ nhỏ?

A. Nó được xử lý bằng năng lượng bức xạ.

B. Nó không được xử lý khác với người lớn.

C. Nó không gây nguy hiểm cho trẻ em.

D. Nó được kiểm tra nghiêm ngặt như máu cho người lớn.

Thông tin: When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. (Khi người nhận là trẻ sơ sinh hoặc trẻ nhỏ, máu thường được chiếu xạ để loại bỏ các yếu tố gây hại.)

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DM

Dương Minh

11 tháng 5 2019

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.Transfusing...

Đọc tiếp

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.

Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria.

Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.

Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed.

Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze the, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

According to the passage, how often can people donate blood for red blood cells?

A. Every four months

B. Every three month

C. Every two months

D. Every month

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

11 tháng 5 2019

ĐÁP ÁN C

Theo như đoạn văn, bao lâu người ta có thể hiến máu cho hồng cầu?

Đáp án C: 2 tháng 1 lần

Các đáp án còn lại:

A. 4 tháng 1 lần B. 3 tháng 1 lần D. hàng tháng

Thông tin trong bài:

People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.

Người ta có thể hiến máu (tế bào hồng cầu) khoảng 2 tháng một lần.

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DM

Dương Minh

5 tháng 6 2018

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.Transfusing...

Đọc tiếp

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.

Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria.

Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.

Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed.

Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze the, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

Based on the information in the passage, what can be inferred about blood transfused to infants and newborns?

A. It is treated with radiant energy.

B. It is not treated differently from adults.

C. It is not dangerous for children.

D. It is rigorously tested as blood for adults.

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

5 tháng 6 2018

ĐÁP ÁN A

Câu đề bài: Dựa vào thông tin cơ bản trong bài, những gì có thể được suy ra về máu được truyền cho trẻ con và trẻ sơ sinh?

Đáp án A: Nó được xử lí bằng năng lượng bức xạ

Các đáp án còn lại:

B. Nó không được xử lí khác biệt so với người lớn

C. Nó không nguy hiểm cho trẻ em

D. Nó được kiểm tra chặt chẽ như máu cho người lớn.

Thông tin trong bài:

When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to elỉminate harmful elements.

Khi người nhận máu là một em bé hay trẻ sơ sinh, máu thường được chiếu xạ để loại bỏ những nhân to có hại.

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DM

Dương Minh

29 tháng 9 2018

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.Transfusing...

Đọc tiếp

* Read the following passage and mark the letter A, R, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 24 to 30.

People have been donating blood since the early twentieth century to help accident victims and patients undergoing surgical procedures. Usually a pint of whole blood is donated, and it is then divided into platelets, white blood cells, and red blood cells. People can donate blood (for red blood cells) about once every two months.

Transfusing the blood from the donor to the recipient is straightforward. It involves taking the blood from a donor’s arm vein by means of a hypodermic syringe. The blood flows down from the container by gravity. This is a slow process and may last as long as 2 hours to complete the infusion of blood into the recipient. The patient is protected from being infected during the transfusion. Only sterile containers, tubing, and needles are used, and this helps ensure that transfused or stored blood is not exposed to disease causing bacteria.

Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibility. Unexplained reactions are also fairly common. Although they are rare, other causes of such negative reactions include contaminated blood, air bubbles in the blood, overloading of the circulatory system through administration of excess blood, or sensitivity to donor plasma or platelets.

Today, hospitals and blood banks go to great lengths to screen all blood donors and their blood. All donated blood is routinely and rigorously tested for diseases, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and syphilis. When the recipient is a newborn or an infant, the blood is usually irradiated to eliminate harmful elements. Donated blood is washed, and the white blood cells and platelets removed.

Storing the blood sometimes requires a freezing process. To freeze the red blood cells, a glycerol solution is added. To unfreeze the, the glycerolis removed. The ability to store blood for long periods has been a boon to human health.

All of the following are mentioned as potential negative reactions to transfusion EXCEPT__________.

A. Sensitivity to donor leukocytes

B. Air bubbles in the blood

C. Allergies

D. Red-cell incompatibility

#Mẫu giáo

1

NH

Nguyen Hoang Hai

29 tháng 9 2018

ĐÁP ÁN B

Câu đề bài: Tất cả những điều sau đây được đề cập đến như là những phản ứng tiêu cưc tiềm tàng đối với truvền máu NGOẠI TRỪ _____________. .

Đáp án B: Bong bóng khí trong máu

Các đáp án còn lại:

A. nhạy cảm với bạch cầu người tặng

C. dị ứng

D. không tương thích tế bào hồng cầu

Thông tin trong bài:

Negative reactions to transfusions are not unusual. The recipient may suffer an allergic reaction or be sensitive to donor leukocytes. Some may suffer from an undetected red cell incompatibìlity.

—» Các phản ứng tiêu cực đối với truyền máu là không hiếm gặp. Người nhận có thể có phản ứng dị ứng hay nhạy cảm bạch cầu của người tặng. Một vài người cũng gặp phải sự không tương thích tế bào hồng cầu không được phát hiện.

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